低碳城市综合评价指标体系构建

频繁发生的自然灾害已经威胁到人类的生存,化石燃料的过度消耗无疑是导致全球变暖和自然灾害发生的主要诱因之一。要想保证人类的可持续发展,就必须摆脱目前面临的困境,实行低碳经济发展模式不失为一条可行路径。为推进各地区、各城市的低碳经济发展,衡量其低碳建设的实际水平,从低碳经济、低碳城市的概念和特征入手,在充分汲取已有研究成果的基础上,构建低碳城市综合评价指标体系,以期对各地低碳建设进行规范和引导,为制定低碳发展战略提供依据。     

Techno economic systems and excessive consumption: a political economy of ‘pathological’ gambling

This article argues that gambling is a paradigmatic form of consumption that captures the intensified logic at the heart of late modern capitalist societies. As well as a site of intensified consumption, it claims that gambling has also become the location of what has been described as a new form of ‘social pathology’ related to excess play. Drawing on Castells' (1996) notion of techno‐economic systems, it explores the ways that intersections between technology, capital and states have generated the conditions for this situation, and critiques the unequal distribution of gambling environments that result. It argues that, while the products of these systems are consumed on a global scale, the risks associated with them tend to be articulated in bio‐psychological discourses of ‘pathology’ which are typical of certain types of knowledge that have salience in neo‐liberal societies, and which work to conceal wider structural relationships. We argue that a deeper understanding of the political and cultural economy of gambling environments is necessary, and provide a synoptic overview of the conditions upon which gambling expansion is based. This perspective highlights parallels with the wider global economy of finance capital, as well as the significance of intensified consumption, of which gambling is an exemplary instance. It also reveals the existence of a geo‐political dispersal of ‘harms’, conceived as deteriorations of financial, temporal and social relationships, which disproportionately affect vulnerable social groups. From this, we urge an understanding of commercial gambling based on a critique of the wider social body of gambling environments within techno economic systems, rather than the (flawed) individual bodies within them.     

流动人口社会阶层结构及地区差异

本文根据2011年国家人口计生委流动人口动态监测抽样调查资料,以流动人口职业分类和收入为基础,分析了当前流动人口的社会阶层结构状况。研究发现,当前流动人口的社会阶层结构是一个“金字塔”型结构,位于塔尖的人数极少,而处于底层的人数庞大,同时,流动人口各阶层的收入结构和消费结构分化明显。分地区来看,流动人口阶层分化显示出地域的不平衡性,经济不发达的地区,社会阶层结构相对简单;经济发达的地区,不仅社会阶层结构比较复杂,更接近现代社会阶层结构的特点,其收入分配结构也更趋于合理。     

Spare Rib,Second-Wave Feminism and the Politics of Consumption

This article examines the significance of representations of both consumer culture and consumption practices in the British feminist magazine Spare Rib during its initial years of publication from 1972 to 1974. The analysis identifies how the magazine combined an established feminist critique of consumer culture with guidance on responsible consumption practices. The dispositions towards consumption that are recommended to readers are shaped by four key values: these are health, the natural, economy and craft production. These values underpin a politics of consumption during a period in which Spare Rib attempted to negotiate a feminist identity. However, once this feminist identity was established, content centred around consumption rapidly diminished as it was apparently not “feminist” enough. The article questions how a “conventional” position was established against both consumer culture and consumption practices within second-wave feminism and raises questions about the impact of this position on feminism's relationship to both consumer culture and consumption practices today.     

Identity in old clothes: the socio-cultural dynamics of second-hand clothing in Irbid,Jordan

This paper investigates the socio-cultural dynamics underlying the consumption of second-hand clothing (al-Balih) in Irbid city, northern Jordan. It primarily examines the various images and meanings that consumers attach to used clothes imported primarily from the West. Al-Balih is conceived of as a social space where multiple imaginations and images meet and interact. Put another way, it tends to blur the conventional socio-economic distinctions that mark Jordanian society. In light of the recent economic hardship that Jordanians have faced due to the late alarming rise in most commodity prices, more people are turning to shopping at second-hand stores. The growth of the second-hand clothing trade can be seen as a testament to the strong demand by consumers for varied and inexpensive products. The paper adopts an anthropological framework in terms of its methodology and analysis. Ethnographic data were collected primarily through conducting in-depth interviews with consumers and shops owners.     

我国大学生的消费伦理问题及原因探析

大学生作为社会特殊的消费群体,其消费状况反映出其消费观念和价值取向。随着市场经济的发展,大学生的消费生活中出现了诸多不良的消费心理和消费行为,这在一度程度上折射出他们的消费伦理现状,并产生严重的消极影响。基于此,关注大学生的不良消费行为,探究其形成的原因,对大学生进行消费伦理教育是十分必要的。     

节能信息曝光度对绿色消费行为影响的实证分析——来自电商数据平台大规模文本数据的判据

随着中国绿色消费群体快速增长,绿色消费在拉动消费升级的同时体现出巨大的环境价值,节能信息曝光度对绿色消费行为的影响也引起学者关注。本文将数据驱动与模型驱动方法相结合,采用自然语言处理技术构建节能信息曝光度指标,采用倾向得分匹配与分位数回归对我国电商平台5,889种节能家电消费数据与评论数据进行实证研究。结果发现,我国现阶段电商平台整体节能信息曝光度不高,节能信息曝光度对节能家电销量的边际效应呈现单调上升趋势,信息冗余拐点尚未出现;同时,节能信息曝光度对不同销量规模节能家电产品的影响呈倒“U”型变化,其对中等销售规模的节能家电产品具有更大影响;最后,本文进一步验证了“平台效应”对于节能信息曝光度的调节作用,为基于大规模多源异构数据的绿色消费行为研究提供借鉴。     

Making the carbon basket count: Goal setting promotes sustainable consumption in a simulated online supermarket

We compared the effectiveness of basket goal-setting to product information strategies on sustainable consumption in a simulated online supermarket. Experiment 1 found a significant effect of basket goal setting techniques with carbon basket feedback in either numerical or graphical form on the carbon content of baskets purchased but no effect of numerical product information alone or in combination with basket CO2 information. Experiment 2 also found that basket goal setting was effective, but found no additional effect of introducing five-colour coding of the carbon footprints of either products or baskets. Experiment 3 found that repeated visits to the online supermarket led to improved learning about product carbon footprint in the basket goal setting condition, which mediated the effect of goal setting on basket carbon footprint. Our results suggest that goal setting techniques with feedback can reduce the carbon footprint of online shopping baskets and facilitate learning about product carbon footprint.     

Utilization survey of a rural creek fishery in central Alabama

A one-year angler intercept survey was conducted on Choccolocco Creek, a rural, limited access tributary to the Coosa River in northeastern Alabama. The purpose of the survey was to collect data and information about the behaviors and fish consumption habits of the recreational anglers who fish there. Nine survey locations were included in the stratified sampling plan, and sampling occurred throughout daylight hours, on weekdays and weekends/holidays, during all four seasons of the year. Surveys were completed on a total of 101 survey days between June 28, 2008 and June 27, 2009.(6) Seventy-two anglers were observed fishing during the survey period, and 52 (72%) of those individuals agreed to participate in the survey. Based on the information collected by the survey clerks, the angler population fishes the Creek between 1 and 54 times per year, with an average frequency of seven trips per year. The average number of months fished was three months per year, with a range of one to nine months. Only 15% of the anglers who participated in the survey (eight individuals) had succeeded in catching fish by the end of their trips, and only four of those individuals (8%) had retained any of the fish they had caught for consumption. Reasons provided for not retaining fish were that they either only fished for sport, did not catch enough fish to eat, or the fish they caught were too small to keep. Because so few anglers used and harvested fish from the resource, fish consumption rates could not be determined with a high degree of confidence. However, from these limited data it was estimated that the three anglers for whom consumption rates could be estimated had annualized average daily fish consumption rates of 0.14, 0.44, and 7.9 grams per day (g/day). The majority of anglers traveled less than 10 miles to fish the Creek. It was estimated that a total population of 173 anglers use the Creek each year. The results of this survey indicated that Choccolocco Creek is a local fishery that is not heavily used by area residents.     

我国区域能源消耗与经济增长关系——基于能源输入省与输出省面板数据的实证分析

能源消耗与经济增长关系的研究一直是能源经济领域研究的重点,相关研究较多,而以能源输入省与能源输出省为视角的研究却很少。本文基于我国能源输入省和输出省1986—2008的面板数据,运用面板计量经济分析方法对能源输入省和输出省的能源消耗与经济增长关系进行了实证研究,研究发现:长期与短期而言,能源输入省和能源输出省的能源消耗与经济增长关系存在着不同的Granger因果关系。因此,本文在最后提出了各自不同且有针对性的能源和产业政策建议。