Resilience in the Face of Disasters: Bridging Micro- and Macro-Perspectives

This paper discusses the use of risk and resilience theory to understand how individuals and communities respond to natural disasters that present ongoing developmental challenges to personal and collective well-being. In the past two to three decades, mental health workers have developed numerous disaster relief strategies; while economists have become expert at estimating risk. These develops are explored.     

从当前市场状态论市场营销

随着商品经济的发展 ,市场发育的完善 ,市场营销已变得日趋重要。目前市场营销已进入了第三阶段 ,面对新的市场状态 ,营销活动必须注入新的内涵。本文就当前市场状态下市场营销的新观念予以探讨     

Passenger Rail Security,Planning, and Resilience: Application of Network,Plume, and Economic Simulation Models as Decision Support Tools

We built three simulation models that can assist rail transit planners and operators to evaluate high and low probability rail‐centered hazard events that could lead to serious consequences for rail‐centered networks and their surrounding regions. Our key objective is to provide these models to users who, through planning with these models, can prevent events or more effectively react to them. The first of the three models is an industrial systems simulation tool that closely replicates rail passenger traffic flows between New York Penn Station and Trenton, New Jersey. Second, we built and used a line source plume model to trace chemical plumes released by a slow‐moving freight train that could impact rail passengers, as well as people in surrounding areas. Third, we crafted an economic simulation model that estimates the regional economic consequences of a variety of rail‐related hazard events through the year 2020. Each model can work independently of the others. However, used together they help provide a coherent story about what could happen and set the stage for planning that should make rail‐centered transport systems more resistant and resilient to hazard events. We highlight the limitations and opportunities presented by using these models individually or in sequence.     

Collective Self-Esteem and Coping Strategies among Vietnamese American Adolescents

This article reports on the “social empathy attitudes” results that were part of a larger study on empathy in college students at a large research university in the Southwest. Two hundred ninety-four students completed the Social Empathy Assessment Index (SEAI). The research hypothesis was that students of color would have higher levels of social empathy attitudes than Caucasian students. The statistically significant SEAI items suggested that Latino students identify as more collectivist and more optimistic and have higher levels of social empathy attitudes. Latinos may be more willing to help a stranger than either Caucasians or members of other racial groups.     

Resilience across Cultures

Findings from a 14 site mixed methods study of over 1500 youthglobally support four propositions that underlie a more culturallyand contextually embedded understanding of resilience: 1) thereare global, as well as culturally and contextually specificaspects to young people’s lives that contribute to theirresilience; 2) aspects of resilience exert differing amountsof influence on a child’s life depending on the specificculture and context in which resilience is realized; 3) aspectsof children’s lives that contribute to resilience arerelated to one another in patterns that reflect a child’sculture and context; 4) tensions between individuals and theircultures and contexts are resolved in ways that reflect highlyspecific relationships between aspects of resilience. The implicationsof this cultural and contextual understanding of resilienceto interventions with at-risk populations are discussed.     

Resilience of organisations and territories: The role of pivot firms

How can organisations and territories contribute to maintain a high level of innovation while at the same time adapting to a turbulent environment? We give an answer to this question by mobilizing the concept of resilience. In order to do this, we develop a conception of resilience based on two dimensions. First, an organisational dimension which refers to the capacity of an organisation to manage a disturbance to its environment and to develop a new pathway and, a territorial dimension which refers to the collective capacity of the actors to contribute to facilitate the development of territorial responses to external disturbances. We illustrate this double dimension of resilience by focusing on the role of pivot firm as major actor in a territory.     

数字技术与城市韧性耦合——基于我国285个城市的实证分析

城市承担着经济社会发展的重任,城市良性建设是我国经济高质量发展的必要条件。随着新兴数字技术不断加深应用于城市规划建设和管理治理,以数字技术为引擎提升城市韧性水平是实现城市高质量发展的重要途径。基于此,梳理数字技术与城市韧性之间的耦合协调过程,构建城市韧性水平和数字技术发展水平指标,采用耦合协调度模型、Dagum基尼系数以及障碍度模型对我国285个地级市及以上城市2012—2021年的数字技术和城市韧性耦合协调发展水平进行综合测度,并探讨耦合协调度的时序演进、空间差异以及影响因素。研究发现:第一,我国数字技术和城市韧性整体发展水平均呈稳步上升趋势,同时,二者的耦合协调度也在不断上升。第二,我国数字技术与城市韧性耦合空间差异呈现先下降后回升的趋势,其中,华中、华北地区数字技术与城市韧性的耦合协调发展更为均衡,而华南地区的失调水平最高。第三,数字基础设施和社会韧性是影响数字技术系统和城市韧性系统耦合协调水平的关键因素。为进一步提升数字技术与城市韧性系统之间的相互作用效果,要积极搭建数据共享、标准统一和融合互通的数据平台;推动资源和人才的跨区域流动,促进与周边城市、都市圈、城市群的协同发展;注重数字基础设施建设和社会保障与福利提升,推动医疗卫生、养老服务、扶残助残等公共服务设施统筹布局等。     

高中生学业成就归因、心理韧性与心理资源投入的关系

为了解高中生学业成就归因、心理韧性与心理资源投入之间的现状及其关系,采用多维度—多归因因果问卷、中学生心理资源投入量表、中学生心理韧性问卷对1113名高中生进行调查。结果表明：（1）高中生学业成就归因整体呈内归因倾向,心理资源投入与心理韧性整体处于中上水平;（2）高中生内归因显著预测心理韧性与心理资源投入,心理韧性显著预测心理资源投入;（3）高中生心理韧性在学业成就内归因与心理资源投入之间具有部分中介效应。     

国内外癌症患者心理弹性研究及启示

心理弹性是近几年才提出的影响癌症患者希望水平及生存质量的心理因素。文章对心理弹性的国内外研究进行综述,探讨癌症患者心理弹性的影响机制和测量方法,有助于为临床心理研究提供理论基础和依据。     

提升供应链韧性和安全水平推动经济高质量发展的路径

在百年未有之大变局和中国进入高质量发展阶段的背景下,明确中国供应链安全面临的挑战与优势,提升中国供应链韧性和安全水平,是构建新发展格局、实现制造业高质量发展、维护国家经济安全的必然要求。中国供应链安全面临着关键核心技术“卡脖子”、供应链“断链”与产业跨境转移等风险,同时也具备产业体系优势、市场规模优势、举国体制优势和数字基建优势。为增强供应链韧性和安全水平,要以新型举国体制推动关键核心技术突破,推动数字化转型和数智供应链建设,优化制造业产业链高中低端产业布局,发挥超大规模内需市场的稳定作用,推进高水平对外开放,进而推动中国经济高质量发展。