Children of prisoners: exploring the impact of families' reappraisal of the role and status of the imprisoned parent on children's coping strategies

Qualitative data from a larger study on the impact of parental imprisonment in four countries found that children of prisoners face fundamentally similar psychological and social challenges. The ways that children cope, however, are influenced by the interpretative frame adopted by the adults around them, and by how issues of parental imprisonment are talked about in their families. This article argues that families have to reappraise their view of the imprisoned parent and then decide on their policy for how to deal with this publicly. Their approach may be based on openness and honesty or may emphasise privacy and secrecy, or a combination of these. Children are likely to be influenced by their parents'/carers' views, although these may cause conflict for them. Where parents/carers retain a positive view of the imprisoned parent, children are likely to benefit; where parents/carers feel issues of shame and stigma acutely, this is likely to be transmitted to their children. This is important for social workers and practitioners involved in supporting prisoners' families and for parenting programmes.     

Coming Out and the Potential for Growth in Sexual Minorities: The Role of Social Reactions and Internalized Homonegativity

Coming out is a significant and sometimes difficult process in the lives of sexual minorities, but disclosure can also affect wellbeing in positive ways, including reduced distress and greater relationship satisfaction. This study investigates the possibility of stress-related growth and depreciation following coming out. To obtain a diverse sample with varying coming-out experiences, data were collected from undergraduate students as well as from online sources, including lesbian, gay, and bisexual support groups and Pride groups. Regression analyses indicated that negative social reactions to coming out predicted both growth and depreciation, although they more strongly predicted depreciation. Positive social reactions were positively related to stress-related growth, while internalized homonegativity was inversely associated with growth. Although the two sample sources (online and campus) differed in some ways, sample source was not a significant predictor in the regressions, nor was it indicated as a moderator in exploratory ANOVA analyses.     

Disruptions,adjustments and hopes: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child well-being in five Majority World Countries

Drawing on integrated data from focus groups and diary entries, we explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child well-being for children from five Majority World Countries. We focus on the disruptions the pandemic caused, the adjustments made in response to these, and children's vision of a post-pandemic world. Underlying children's experiences of loss, boredom and concerns about educational progress, was an awareness of systemic inequalities that disadvantaged them or others in their community. Findings have implications on capturing children's voices through introspective and dialogical approaches that transcend cultures and for the development of preventive and responsive interventions during crises.     

Impact of Mentors During Adolescence on Outcomes Among Gay Young Adults

ABSTRACT

Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and the Adolescent Health and Academic Achievement study datasets, this study examined whether natural mentoring relationships during adolescence were associated with young adult outcomes among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) persons. Outcomes in three domains were investigated: education and employment, psychological wellbeing, and substance use and abuse. Results indicated that LGB persons reporting natural mentors during adolescence were about three times as likely to graduate from high school as those without. Discussion surrounds strategies to foster mentoring relationships within the school environment or community.     

流动儿童精神健康状况分析

与以往主要关注家庭因素、基本人口特征的流动儿童精神健康研究不同,本研究将分析视野扩展到社会经济地位、社会支持和个体抗逆力。数据表明,流动儿童的精神健康差于非流动儿童,社会经济地位、家庭支持和个体抗逆力均对其产生影响,其他社会支持的影响不显著。流动儿童由于面临着社会经济地位和家庭流动方面的"双重劣势",单纯提升个体抗逆力不足以改变其精神健康不良的事实。因此,一方面努力提升流动儿童的个体抗逆力,充分发挥其面对逆境的主体性;另一方面,在宏观层面上不断地瓦解产生"双重劣势"的制度基础。通过两方面的共同作用能改善流动儿童的精神健康状况。     

儿童抗逆力:一项关于流动儿童社会工作实务的探讨

儿童抗逆力是指儿童在逆境中克服困难,展示积极适应结果的能力.本文基于“抗逆小童星”实践项目,总结出优势取向的流动儿童抗逆力提升模式.此模式充分发挥儿童及其环境系统的主体性,以生态系统理论和优势视角为理念,立足于流动儿童及其微系统、中系统、外系统和宏系统的劣势/优势,从系统整合和方法整合两方面入手,综合运用危险聚焦策略、资产聚焦策略、过程聚焦策略,最终实现流动儿童抗逆力的持续提升.     

论受教育年限对新生代农民工心理弹性的影响——基于自我效能理论的分析

良好的心理弹性是新生代农民工融入城市的重要促进剂,然而目前新生代农民工的心理弹性状况并不乐观,不利于其社会融入和城市化。基于调研数据,采用Ordered Probit模型对调研资料进行分析,结果发现,新生代农民工受教育水平越高,其心理弹性等级越高,城市融入状况越好。通过解释机制分析可知,这主要是由于受教育年限的提高,可以增加人们的自我效能感,进而使其心理弹性得到改善。因此,今后应加快制度改革和完善政策供给,完善培训教育运作机制,建立完善的监督保障机制,以促进新生代农民工的再教育和技能培训。     

父亲在位对大学生心理弹性的影响

采用Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表中文版(CD-RISC)和父亲在位问卷中文修订版(FPQ-R)对532名大学生进行调查,探讨大学生心理弹性与父亲在位之间的关系。结果表明:大学生父亲在位与心理弹性之间存在显著相关性;父母关系、父亲与祖父的关系和父亲影响的概念能显著预测大学生的心理弹性;父亲与祖父的关系、父母关系、父亲影响的概念和父亲的身体互动能显著预测大学生心理弹性的坚韧特质;父母关系、父亲与祖父的关系和父亲影响的概念能显著预测大学生心理弹性的力量特质;父母关系和父亲参与的感知能显著预测大学生心理弹性的乐观特质。高品质的父亲在位有利于子女心理弹性的良好发展,是大学生心理弹性的保护性因素。     

‘Doing it right?’– accessing the narratives of identity of newly qualified social workers through the lens of resilience: ‘I am,I have,I can’

Using narrative enquiry, this paper accesses the construct of identity through exploring resilience in newly qualified social workers based in statutory children's services. In seeking to avoid deficit‐based models of this role, this paper aims to present inductively the ‘voice’ of three social workers in a semi‐rural authority, storying the positive ways in which resilience has developed during their first year. Using the Grotberg resilience framework (1995) –‘I am, I have, I can’– as an analytical tool at the interface of personal, professional and organizational identities, we conclude that ‘I am’ and ‘I have’ are more important than the skills dimension of ‘I can’. Positive role models, trust, ‘managed’ optimism, flexibility of support in and beyond induction, and, crucially, self‐efficacy and space for reflexivity, are more prominent as sources of resilience and strong identity. The reflexivity, inspired by the process of narrative enquiry, is an important contributor to self‐efficacy. We propose that a positive view of growth and identity is preferable to deficit models in the context of the transition between the two ‘communities of practice’ and of the challenges of the workplace. Organizational approaches based on this view will be more likely to promote a sustainable workforce.     

Measures of emergency preparedness contributing to nursing home resilience

ABSTRACT

Resilience approaches have been successfully applied in crisis management, disaster response, and high reliability organizations and have the potential to enhance existing systems of nursing home disaster preparedness. This study’s purpose was to determine how the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) “Emergency Preparedness Checklist Recommended Tool for Effective Health Care Facility Planning” contributes to organizational resilience by identifying the benchmark resilience items addressed by the CMS Emergency Preparedness Checklist and items not addressed by the CMS Emergency Preparedness Checklist, and to recommend tools and processes to improve resilience for nursing homes. The CMS Emergency Preparedness Checklist items were compared to the Resilience Benchmark Tool items; similar items were considered matches. Resilience Benchmark Tool items with no CMS Emergency Preparedness Checklist item matches were considered breaches in nursing home resilience. The findings suggest that the CMS Emergency Preparedness Checklist can be used to measure some aspects of resilience, however, there were many resilience factors not addressed. For nursing homes to prepare and respond to crisis situations, organizations need to embrace a culture that promotes individual resilience-related competencies that when aggregated enable the organization to improve its resiliency. Social workers have the skills and experience to facilitate this change.