A passion for respect: On understanding the role of human needs and morality

In the present paper, we stress the importance of the concept respect in a wide variety of social settings and provide a working definition of this concept by emphasizing how respect relates to the act of communicating full recognition to other people on the dimensions of belongingness and morality. Subsequently, in two separate parts, we discuss why respect is so desired and valued. The first part looks at respect as a means to fulfil important human social concerns (“respect as a means to an end”). The second part looks at the potential moral underpinnings of respect and thus interprets “respect as an end in itself.” Finally, it is suggested that both reasons to value respect explain respect effects as a function of the working selfconcept that is salient (i.e., pragmatic versus idealistic self). Laetitia B. Mulder is Assistant Professor of Social Psychology at Tilburg University. Her research interests are social decision making, sanctions and rewards, moral norms, compliance, and norm internalization.     

金平傣族女性及其原始宗教信仰

居住在云南省南部的金平傣族与其他地区的傣族相比 ,他们大都不信仰小乘佛教 ,却信仰万物有灵的原始宗教。金平傣族女性在其宗教活动中有着十分独特的作用 ,本文通过对金平傣族女性神灵、女巫以及普通女性在宗教活动中的作用和地位的描述 ,指出在金平傣族宗教活动中存在着对女性既排斥又尊崇的两重性 ,并论述了这种两重性产生的原因     

公平正义与诚信

人无信不立,国无信不兴。诚实守信是政府、企事业单位和个人的基本行为准则,是思想道德建设的重点。加强诚信道德建设,关键是要维护社会的公平正义。公平正义是诚信的道德源泉,只要公道和清明常驻人心,人们就会按照理性和良心做事。公平正义的社会秩序使人之为人本身得到普遍的尊重,从而消除了人与人之间的猜疑与隔阂。这种尊重体现在机会公平、过程公平和结果公平之中。     

印象管理视角下汉语中的谦虚

谦虚被中国人誉为一种美德,千年流传。谦虚语言在汉语语言中广泛存在,中国人在日常生活与交际、信函中普遍应用,以求的最佳表达与交际效果。在明确给出谦辞的定义的基础上,试图从社会心理学印象管理的角度研究汉语的谦虚语言,用印象动机和印象建构两成分来剖析中国人表自谦的原因及谦虚语言的社会功能。     

德沃金权利理论述评

在《认真对待权利》一书中,美国法哲学家德沃金在批判法律实证主义和功利主义的基础上,提出了“权利是政治王牌”的反功利主义概念,并明确了“平等关心与尊重的权利”的基础权利地位。罗尔夫·赛多利斯经分析后指出“平等关心”的权利具有明显的功利主义内涵。德沃金对此并不否认,甚至为功利主义进行了辩护。这一吊诡现象展现了“平等关心”与“平等尊重”的内在张力、权利与功利主义的复杂关系。经分析可知：“平等关心”和“平等尊重”的冲突并不是德沃金权利理论自身的逻辑缺陷,而是彼此冲突的直觉在该理论上的反映。另外,基于功利主义的强大解释力,权利必须在与功利主义相对照的语境中界定自身,这是包括德沃金在内的西方权利理论无法超越的必然限度。     

Caring for the poor versus degrading the poor – the case of Hong Kong newspaper charity

This study examined how Hong Kong newspapers constructed charity and what the implications were for Hong Kong's residual welfare state. The Oriental Daily (OD) and the Apple Daily (AD), the two most popular newspapers, with over 50 per cent of Hong Kong's newspaper market, were selected as the objects of study. A total of 155 cases were collected from the social service columns of these two newspapers between 1 August and 31 October 2000. The study found that poor physical health and 'incomplete family patterns' were the criteria used to verify the recipients' dependency, which also formed the basis for charitable welfare entitlements. Moreover, an extremely unequal social status was produced between donors and recipients. The former were accorded high social recognition for their charitable contributions whereas the latter were presented as being desperate, weak and helpless people. In addition, four categories of needs were identified; tradition-oriented needs, emergency assistance, basic material assistance and basic health needs. The study concluded that Hong Kong newspaper charity has helped to consolidate the basis for a residual welfare state. It also revealed that charity was mainly able to deal only with short-term and specific needs at a particular point in time. More importantly, it was found that a code of practice is needed for journalists involved in charitable activities in order to safeguard the dignity of recipients.     

论素质教育中对学生个性的关注与尊重

关注与尊重学生的个性是实施素质教育的核心和基础 ,只有建立在对个性科学合理的关注与尊重基础之上的教育 ,才会取得符合人健全发展的效果 ,对个性的关注与尊重需要教育者、家长和学生个体的合力作用     

感戴研究的回顾及展望

感戴是积极心理学的一个重要研究领域,在新时代背景下越来越受到心理学家们的重视.文章在国内外感戴研究的基础上,对感戴的概念、测量工具、感戴研究的几个重要领域进行了总结,并对其研究成果做了归纳,最后提出现有研究所存在的问题以及对感戴未来的研究走向进行了展望.     

郭象“适性”而为思想中的万物一体境界

郭象是魏晋玄学时期的重要哲学家。他提出了＂适性＂而为的理论,他认为事物是＂自生＂的,每个事物的＂性分＂是不可改变的,因此每个事物只能顺自己的＂性分＂而为,而且也只用＂适性＂而为。郭象的＂适性＂而为思想中有很浓的万物一体境界,体现了万物相通相融,体现了事物间的一种共通感、一种责任、一种尊重和一种平等。     

慎思笃行科学理性-“关于两种社会制度对比问题”与当代大学生的对话

在质疑的时代,国民价值观的建设异常必要。文章用对话的方式,从“社会主义制度与资本主义制度相比,究竟谁更好？”问题的回答入手,就大学生社会主义核心价值观建设问题进行了较为系统的思考与分析。