循环经济的哲学思考

循环经济的产生与提出有其深刻的哲学认识上的背景。本文深入探讨了循环经济与中国传统哲学价值观的一致性,指出了循环经济是对近代西方哲学思维方式的扬弃,也符合马克思主义人与自然关系的思想。     

论宋元戏剧的脚色反串

宋元时期是我国古代戏剧真正形成的历史时期,伴随着脚色体系的建立,出现了脚色反串的有趣现象。这一时期的脚色反串,几乎涉及到有性别之分的所有脚色,而且女演员反串更为普遍,并明显呈现出开放式的姿态,从而有别于宋前演员在歌舞戏、科白戏中的性别反串以及明清时期大盛的“男旦”之风,形成独特的历史艺术风貌。宋元时期在勾栏瓦舍、广场路歧、内廷家乐中出现“脚色反串”有着历史和时代的双重原因。     

论审判独立与独立审判

西方各国的审判独立,即司法独立,主要体现于审判机关的体系独立、法官的审判独立、法院内部的审级独立、司法权的统一以及司法机关对立法、行政机关的制衡等五个方面.这五方面相辅相成,构成为一个完整的独立体系.与此相比,中国的独立审判则存在着司法机关的行政机关化、审判不独立、执法不均衡、司法不统一等问题.在推进中国法治国家建设的过程中,应创立社会主义制度下的权力制衡理论,推进司法独立,作为第一步,应提高法院在执政党内的地位.     

贯穿于陶诗的思想是生命思索

陶诗主题具有多义性,并可分为五大题材.然而其反映出的内在思想是对人生价值、意义和终极目的的认知和实践.因此可以说贯穿于陶诗的思想是生命思索,是人生实践中对儒、释、道思想的感悟和认识.     

Support for democracy in cross-national perspective: The detrimental effect of economic inequality

Using survey data and national statistics on 35 modern democracies, this research explores the relationship between economic and political conditions and support for democracy. As expected from modernization theory, support for democracy tends to be highest in countries with a high level of economic development. More importantly, however, I contribute a new finding that income inequality matters much more. Specifically, citizens from countries with relatively low levels of income inequality tend to be more likely than others to support democracy. I also find that household income is positively related to support for democracy in most countries, though it tends to have its strongest effect if economic development is high and income inequality is low. Finally, even after taking into account the level of economic development in one's country, people from former Communist countries tend to have far less support for democracy than those from more established democracies.     

Demystifying the Integrated Tail Probability Expectation Formula

ABSTRACT

Calculating the expected values of different types of random variables is a central topic in mathematical statistics. Targeted toward students and instructors in both introductory probability and statistics courses and graduate-level measure-theoretic probability courses, this pedagogical note casts light on a general expectation formula stated in terms of distribution and survival functions of random variables and discusses its educational merits. Often consigned to an end-of-chapter exercise in mathematical statistics textbooks with minimal discussion and presented under superfluous technical assumptions, this unconventional expectation formula provides an invaluable opportunity for students to appreciate the geometric meaning of expectations, which is overlooked in most undergraduate and graduate curricula, and serves as an efficient tool for the calculation of expected values that could be much more laborious by traditional means. For students’ benefit, this formula deserves a thorough in-class treatment in conjunction with the teaching of expectations. Besides clarifying some commonly held misconceptions and showing the pedagogical value of the expectation formula, this note offers guidance for instructors on teaching the formula taking the background of the target student group into account.     

SA8000认证对我国的影响及其对策

介绍了SA80 0 0认证标准及其对我国的影响,并提出了具体的应对策略。作者认为我国作为劳动密集型产品的出口大国,将受到社会责任运动的重大影响,但它既非天使也非魔鬼,政府和企业必须严肃而辩证的看待它。同时,作者提出要认清实施社会责任标准和SA80 0 0认证的阶段性,结合我国的发展阶段,积极主动的、有取舍的接受它。     

论表见代理中的本人过错

表见代理的主要民法功能在于对交易安全和对交易人信赖利益的保护,我国民事法律对表见代理的构成要件没有规定具体的标准,本人的过错能否作为表见代理的必要构成要件,理论界一直有争论。本文全面分析表见代理中本人过错的立法基础和民法价值、以及存在的各种形态,认为有必要在未来立法时,将本人的过错作为表见代理成立的必要条件,以纠正表见代理认定上的纷争和混乱。     

论中西诗学中自然美观念的差异性

中西方自然美观念的产生都源于人的觉醒,但不同的文化环境使中西方在对待自然审美上出现众多差异,"比德说"和"移情说"就是代表之一。这种差异性表现在文学上,呈现出西方重外省、中国重内省,西方文学作品表现物我分离较多、中国文学作品表现物我合一较多的特点。     

和谐人：传统人性假设的批判与超越

人的存在方式就是人存在于特定历史阶段或社会状态下的具体形态,也表述为人性假设,如自然人、理性人、经济人、道德人等。人的存在方式并非恒定不变,而是由人性的发展变化所决定。“和谐人”作为社会主义和谐社会中特定的一种人的存在方式和新型的人性假设,是对传统人性假设的批判与超越。从人性假设视角研究和谐人,一定程度上丰富了人学的当代发展内涵,也是对社会主义和谐社会状态下社会主体的科学的合理的诠释,具有突出的理论意义和学术价值。