合并价差和合并商誉的比较分析

商誉作为企业中最具获利潜力的一种无形资产,已越来越引起人们的重视。商誉分为自创商誉和合并商誉自创商誉的确认和计量在理论与实务上还存在争论,到目前为止,还没有一家企业对自创商誉加以确认入帐;而合并商誉的确认和计量已达到某种程度上的共识。合并商誉与合并报表中的合并价差项目不同,但它们之间也有一定的联系。自创商誉是合并商誉存在的基础,若对自创商誉加以确认的话,则合并商誉的确认、计量方法就更具合理性。     

西方经济学中的信誉理论及其启示

信誉机制是保证契约诚实执行的重要机制,在现代市场经济中,信誉越来越成为影响现代企业成长的重要因素。在一个社会中,企业的信誉主要受博弈次数、产权和法律制度、竞争的环境以及政府行为的影响。信誉理论给我们的启示是:必须建立现代产权制度,加大对产权的保护力度;进一步消除垄断,引入更为开放的竞争政策;加快建立对失信者的惩罚机制;建立健全信息传输体系,发展我国的信用管理行业;政府应加强社会信用观念的培养,提高全社会的信用意识。     

管理层权力、内部控制质量与盈余管理

文章对管理层权力、内部控制质量和两类盈余间关系进行检验.研究发现:内部控制质量与两类盈余显著负相关;结构权力对内部控制质量与应计盈余具有负向调节作用,总经理两职兼任会削弱内部控制对应计盈余的抑制作用;专家权力对内部控制质量与应计盈余之间具有正向调节作用,随着总经理任职时间延长,会增强内部控制质量对应计盈余的抑制作用;声誉权力会正向调节内控质量与应计盈余之间关系.     

环境规制与资源型企业绿色行为选择:“倒逼转型”还是“规制俘获”

资源型企业绿色行为选择,除承担转型调整成本外,还面临高昂的沉没成本。为避免陷入“资源优势陷阱”,政府试图通过环境规制来约束企业的负外部性行为。通过构建环保监管部门与企业的双方动态博弈模型,并将绿色声誉对二者行为的约束、得益引入模型,探究环境规制能否诱导资源型企业的绿色行为选择。研究发现:精心制定的环境规制能触发企业绿色行为选择,但资源实际控制者环保监管部门与企业间易出现“规制俘获”;声誉机制透过政府公信力损失与得益,媒体披露影响力度与利益相关者态度,可有效约束监管部门被“俘获”行为,遏制企业寻租的可能性,间接倒逼待转型企业绿色行为选择;企业违规处罚力度的增加,在倒逼其绿色行为选择的同时,也降低了监管部门被寻租的机会。     

客户公司产权性质、审计师声誉和会计稳健性

本文利用我国A股上市公司2008-2013年的数据,实证检验了审计师声誉对会计稳健性的影响,以及不同产权性质下审计师声誉对会计稳健性影响程度的差异.研究发现,总体上审计师声誉会显著提高公司的会计稳健性水平,区分产权性质后发现,国有企业会计稳健性相对于非国有企业较高,非国有公司聘请高声誉审计师对会计稳健性有正向影响,而国有公司聘请高声誉审计师对会计稳健性不明显,非国有公司聘请高声誉审计师对会计稳健性的效应较国有公司差异并不显著.文章的结论为进一步完善公司治理和审计师声誉建设提供了一定的实证数据.     

Media reputation in initial public offerings: A study of financial news coverage in Hong Kong

This study investigated media reputation in initial public offerings (IPOs) by proposing eight attributes of substantive media reputation from environmental and product-resource perspectives. A content analysis on financial news coverage (2281 newspaper articles from 2004 to 2010) in Hong Kong was conducted to examine how print media reported financial and nonfinancial information on 38 IPO firms in the sectors of financial, properties and construction, and consumer goods. Results from partial least squares analysis showed that, although substantive media reputation and recency of news coverage together only explained a small proportion of changes in IPO share price, substantive media reputation has a significant positive effect on changes in IPO share price. Apart from the significant positive effect from the presentation tone of environmental attributes, the tone of social attributes had a significant negative effect on substantive media reputation. With the increasing concern on measuring media reputation attributes in financial news coverage across different contexts, this study contributes to the applicability of environmental and product-resource attributes in the specific context of IPOs.     

Reputation in Rupture: Broken Alliances and Relational Politics in the Roosevelt-Taft Split

Under what circumstances do close allies sacrifice their unity? By what process do bonds break? Although it might be argued that political ruptures are determined by incommensurable ideas (policies, philosophies) or by contentious personalities (temperament, character), we argue that neither explanation is sociologically sufficient. Extending the theories of interpersonal ruptures of Diane Vaughan and Robert Emerson to political domains, we take a relational approach to politics by emphasizing the centrality of the availability of reputational information, networks of supporters, and public displays of antagonism in response to affronts within systems of institutional power. Our approach to public ruptures draws on a detailed case study: the broken alliance between presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft, a dramatic instance of changing master-protégé relationship. The transition from close interpersonal alliance to public distaste typically involves four stages that expand a relational breach to an irreparable rupture: (1) personal grievance, (2) substantive disagreement, (3) public awareness, and (4) network activity. While every detailed case has limits, we note comparable instances and contend that this model applies broadly to broken partnerships in politics or other public domains.     

券商声誉、制度环境与 IPO 公司盈余管理

基于成熟资本市场的研究表明，高声誉券商会抑制 IPO 公司的盈余管理． 本文以 2001 － 2011 年处于中国制度环境下的 IPO 公司为样本，重新考察了券商声誉与 IPO 公司盈余管理之间的关系． 研究发现，券商声誉越高，其所承销 IPO 公司的盈余管理程度也就越高，但券商声誉与 IPO 公司盈余管理程度之间的正向关系只有在投资者法律保护较差的地区才显著． 进一步的研究还发现，高声誉券商纵容或协助 IPO 公司盈余管理的重要动因在于获取更高的经济收益． 尽管高声誉券商确实能够降低 IPO 公司的抑价率，但这是通过提高 IPO 公司盈余管理程度的途径来实现的． 本文的结论表明，要使我国资本市场中的券商声誉机制发挥作用，还需要大力提高券商机会主义行为所面临的法律风险．     

Effects of data breaches from user-generated content: A corporate reputation analysis

A threat for a growing number of firms in various industries is the occurrence of different breaches of sensitive corporate data. These critical events represent vulnerability for firms' corporate reputations, whose multiple dimensions are affected by customers negative perceptions in various ways. Further, in the Industry 4.0 era, the redundancy of scandals on social media can exacerbate negative effects. This paper reports an investigation into the effects of data breaches on corporate reputation dimensions. In this context, the study conducted latent Dirichlet allocation analysis on social media user-generated content (UGC) for a sample of 35 firms in nine industries that suffered a data breach incident between 2013 and 2016. Incidents have been categorized into three categories: “intentional and internal,” “unintentional and internal,” and “intentional and external” data breaches. The aim of the study was to discover how reputational dimensions changed after these critical events and to identify the differences among the types of data breaches.Results reveal that after critical events, more reputational dimensions appear to be relevant. While before critical events, users typically discuss the “perceived quality” of a firm's offer, after all three types of data breaches, users also pay attention to “customer orientation” and “corporate performance” dimensions. Another key reputation dimension, especially after intentional and internal data breaches, is the “firm as employer,” particularly in the context of a lack of investment in training regarding these events.These findings provide key insights for academics and practitioners to understand large-scale data breaches effects and reputational drawbacks after such incidents.