科技术语在线检索策略的实证探究

术语在线检索能力对科技翻译实践和人才培养均具有现实意义。通过对英语专业学生翻译作业的调查,厘清了翻译学习者在术语检索中存在的主要困难:缺乏术语识别力、缺乏对同义术语及多义术语的鉴别力,并从翻译技能和课程角度提出应对术语翻译的总体策略。     

农业标准化示范区与农业产出增长——以安徽省为例

农业标准化示范区通常代表了更高的农业产出增长水平.通过运用扩展的生产函数(C—D)模型,以作为农业大省之一的安徽为例,对农业标准化示范区的产出增长情况进行了分析.结果表明,农业标准化示范区的数量(NBS)、资本和劳动力投入与农业总产出(GAP)增长存在长期的均衡关系;NBS的产出弹性为正,表明NBS能够带来较高的GAP增长,且随着建设成本的逐年分摊,这种作用会愈加明显;资本对GAP的贡献则更加显著,说明无论是农业标准化示范区的建设还是农业本身的发展都需要政府加大投入;劳动力的产出弹性为负的事实说明,基于农业标准化示范区内的现代农业发展已经完全摆脱了传统意义上的劳动力数量的扩张,更多的强调是对劳动力质量的需求,这种需求随着现代农业的进一步发展会更加明显.     

学生标准化病人的培训与思考

以南京医科大学学生模拟诊疗社团为例,对学生标准化病人选择、培训、考核、应用等过程进行了经验总结,发现使用学生作为标准化病人具有成本低、基础好、规模大、兴趣高等优势。     

徘徊在旧式教育与标准化教学之间——近20年中学语文现代文阅读教学检视

中学语文现代文阅读教学 2 0余年走过的路可分为三个阶段 :2 0世纪 80年代中期以前走的是传统教育的路子 ,阅读教学的立意不在阅读而在写作 ,阅读学习处于经验性习得层次 ;2 0世纪 80年代末至 90年代突出了阅读教学的独立意义 ,但其标准化教学与阅读的人文性相悖 ,扼杀了学生的灵性 ;在新旧世纪之交的语文教育大批判中 ,针对标准化教学之弊 ,出现了阅读教学再传统化的趋向 ,这趋向与 2 0世纪 90年代思想文化界的民族主义和文化保守主义思潮有着内在的关联 ,但阅读教学的再传统化并不能适应新时代的需要     

铁路建设基金的现状及规范化管理研究

铁路建设基金是20世纪90年代初期国家为扶持铁路发展所设立的政府性基金,其使用目的与缴费人之间有特殊关联,具有专款专用的特征。对铁路建设基金的收支现状进行梳理和分析发现,在征收之初,铁路建设基金作为铁路建设的主要资金来源,为铁路发展做出了很大贡献。但随着铁路建设速度加快和巨额债务的不可持续,基金的征收与使用与当初设立时的初衷发生了背离,管理体制也不再符合时代需求。因此,需要对其进行治理与改革,即严格按照法律要求,规范铁路基金管理;引入多方融资渠道,缓解铁路建设资金压力;改革铁路建设基金,体现使用者皆为付费者的理念。     

试论全国独立学院的办学现状及发展趋势——基于教育部26号令的讨论

独立学院作为按新机制和新模式创立的具有中国特色的民办高等院校,其办学模式和办学特色尚在进一步探索和研究中.笔者基于教育部26号令中有关设置规定为背景,初步探讨了全国独立学院目前办学现状及存在问题,并提出了规范办学的建议与思考.     

报检员队伍规范化管理研究

自2003年国家质检总局开展报检员资格全国统一考试以来,我国逐步规范了报检员持证上岗制度,这为更多具备高素质高级技能型人才进入报检行业提供了佳机。但随着国际贸易环境的日益多样化,以技术法规、标准为代表的技术性贸易壁垒频出,这对报检员队伍提出了更高的要求。对报检员队伍实施规范化管理,将提高国家出入境检验检疫工作的行政效率,保障企业的利益,主要从提高报检员学历要求、加强职业培训、落实差错登记制度以及出台报检员评级制度等方面给出了建议。     

Standardized testing and school segregation: like tinder for fire?

Recent research suggests that high-stakes standardized testing has played a negative role in the segregation of children by race and class in schools. In this article we review research on the overall effects of segregation, the positive and negative aspects of how desegregation plans were carried out following the 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education, and the de facto re-segregation that followed the dismantling of many desegregation plans, along with the increase of school choice plans. We then analyze these effects in light of the ways that high-stakes standardized testing has grown in importance and intensity in US education policy and practice, especially during the most recent period of school re-segregation. Based on the evidence we argue that the intrinsic features of high-stakes testing, combined with current systems of school choice, function as mechanisms used for racial coding that facilitate segregation and compound inequalities found in schools.     

国内养老机构标准化建设：边界、实践与展望

在新时代发展场景下,养老机构标准化建设有效回应了老年人对美好生活的需要,是社会治理现代化对养老服务供给的基本要求。养老机构标准化建设因关乎公共利益,指标选取应注重把握老年人需要的多层次多类型特征,指标选取和标准设定要防止制度成本的无效扩张,标准供给要预防标准化建设过程中的公共政策失灵。通过国家的连续性政策梳理与地方的针对性实践考察,当前,国内养老机构标准化建设总结出了国家层面与地方层面双向互动、试点经验与专家知识相互结合、行政主体与社会力量协同合作等宝贵经验。未来的养老机构标准化建设,应持续优化养老机构标准化建设路径,加快推进养老机构标准体系化建设,构建养老机构标准化建设长效执行机制,探索向全行业辐射机制。     

Sensitivity Analysis for Computer Model Projections of Hurricane Losses

Projecting losses associated with hurricanes is a complex and difficult undertaking that is fraught with uncertainties. Hurricane Charley, which struck southwest Florida on August 13, 2004, illustrates the uncertainty of forecasting damages from these storms. Due to shifts in the track and the rapid intensification of the storm, real-time estimates grew from 2 billion dollars to 3 billion dollars in losses late on the 12th to a peak of 50 billion dollars for a brief time as the storm appeared to be headed for the Tampa Bay area. The storm struck the resort areas of Charlotte Harbor and moved across the densely populated central part of the state, with early poststorm estimates in the 28 dollars to 31 billion dollars range, and final estimates converging at 15 billion dollars as the actual intensity at landfall became apparent. The Florida Commission on Hurricane Loss Projection Methodology (FCHLPM) has a great appreciation for the role of computer models in projecting losses from hurricanes. The FCHLPM contracts with a professional team to perform onsite (confidential) audits of computer models developed by several different companies in the United States that seek to have their models approved for use in insurance rate filings in Florida. The team's members represent the fields of actuarial science, computer science, meteorology, statistics, and wind and structural engineering. An important part of the auditing process requires uncertainty and sensitivity analyses to be performed with the applicant's proprietary model. To influence future such analyses, an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis has been completed for loss projections arising from use of a sophisticated computer model based on the Holland wind field. Sensitivity analyses presented in this article utilize standardized regression coefficients to quantify the contribution of the computer input variables to the magnitude of the wind speed.