科学执政、民主执政中的依法执政基本途径

依法执政或依法行政,作为执政方式最为直接、最为具体的基本实践环节或途径,在相当范围内反映着科学执政、民主执政的实现程度。这取决于《行政许可法》不打折扣地坚决实施,政府的依法执政职能方式从重管制向重服务转变;职能范围从“全能”向“有限”回归;职能性质由“专断”走向真正“民主”;职能习惯从主观随意转向严格的法治。     

基于BPR的组织学习

BPR是组织在适应快速变化环境中最常用且最具革命性的方法,它能很好地促进组织进行创新性学习。本文旨在聚焦于BPR活动中的项目组和指导委员会来研究BPR在项目初始、分析和再设计阶段中通过流程定位和确定顾客偏好来促进组织学习问题,从而提出并建立一种组织学习的BPR方法促进论。     

不同视角下的企业战略变革

从20世纪80年代后期开始,人们开始从不同理论视角和运用不同的方法对企业战略变革进行研究,并取得了丰硕的成果。本文拟对企业战略变革的不同视角研究成果进行归纳和总结,主要包括战略变革的理性视角、学习视角、认知视角、演化视角、制度视角、复杂科学视角和共同演化视角,并在此基础上总结了企业战略变革理论研究的趋势。     

沈阳市生态保护规划策略研究——用生态足迹法进行计算分析

利用生态足迹分析法计算了沈阳市2003年生态足迹和生态承载力,得出沈阳市人均生态赤字数为0.7,分析了产生生态赤字的原因,对此提出沈阳市生态保护规划的基本策略:生态控制区———综合提高城市生态承载力;生态协调建设区———寻求生态足迹的最小化;生态改进区(建成区)———降低建设用地的生态足迹;生态恢复区———提高草地与林地生态承载力。以实现城市的可持续发展。     

聚合物波导折射率渐变型Spot-size converter设计

围绕光致折射率变化聚甲基苯基硅烷高分子光波导，设计了新型的折射率渐变型Spot-size converter，可有效改善光纤与光波导的端面耦合效率．BPM仿真计算显示，耦合效率由78％提高到91％，为器件制备提供了理论依据．     

A construal level analysis of organizational change processes

To effectively manage planned change and understand differences in leaders’ and recipients’ responses to it, it is essential to understand how change is cognitively represented by organization members. In this theory-development article, we draw upon construal-level theory (CLT) and conceptually explore the role of change construal level in explaining responses to organizational change. We discuss differences between change leaders’ and recipients’ change construals, and differences in the relationships between change construal level and the response to change as a function of the change activities taking place. Specifically, we argue that high-level (i.e., abstract) construals of change will facilitate the effective initiation of change when the focus is on equilibrium-breaking activities, and that low-level (i.e., concrete) construals will facilitate the effective implementation of change when the focus is on institutionalization of the change. We further propose that leaders’ engagement in visionary leadership increases the likelihood that their generally higher level construal of change will be integrated into recipients’ change construals, elaborating and elevating them, and that recipients’ engagement in upward prohibitive voice behaviors will increase the likelihood that their generally lower construal of change will be integrated into leaders’ change construals, elaborating and concretizing them. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of our framework.     

存在战略购买需求的定价、供给、机制选择和配给研究

本文研究存在战略购买需求的易逝资产销售策略问题。垄断厂商基于利润最大化目标确定易逝资产定价、供给、机制选择和配给策略,战略消费者通过锚定预期价格安排战略购买时机。不同于通常基于效用理论研究定价的思路,本文首先基于锚定效应和跨期价格均衡思想探寻不同战略等待购买规模的市场预期需求曲线和动静态定价区域;其次在众多预期需求曲线中寻找市场有效定价前沿（即有效预期需求曲线）;再次在利润曲面上找出与有效定价前沿对应的容量扩展线（即最大利润曲线）;最后沿容量扩展线和有效定价前沿搜寻最大期望利润及相应策略。研究表明,消费者保留价异质和需求不确定性是动态定价和战略购买存在的根本原因;市场在不同战略等待购买规模状态拥有不同预期需求曲线,最大战略等待购买规模状态预期需求曲线是市场有效定价前沿。动静态定价机制各有其所适用的容量和价格空间,消费者保留价水平和战略消费者规模决定动态定价空间大小,随机需求分布差异只影响动态定价空间形状（即影响需求弹性）。在跨期价格均衡区域内,提价和扩容都会加剧消费者战略购买程度,供给越大定价往往越低。战略购买不仅会降低厂商供给、定价和利润水平,改变不同类型消费者之间高低价购买机会,甚至还可能影响定价机制选择和配给策略。压缩过度供给和虚高价格空间可降低战略购买导致的利润损失。本文研究结果可为考虑消费者行为的需求价格理论研究和运营管理实践提供参考。     

“一核多元”型社区综合整治合作生产模式研究 ———以北京市 J 社区为例

老旧小区综合整治事关公众切身利益,体现国家服务效能与治理能力。 基于合作生产理论、公共价值和战略三角模 型间关系,从党建引领视角提出“一核多元”型综合整治合作生产模式。 以北京市 J 社区为例,采用张力分析工具,从使命管 理、政治管理与运营管理层面建构综合整治张力分析模型。 分析发现,党建引领的综合整治合作生产可促进社区合作生产网 络的形成与发展,这对社区治理模式创新与社区治理共同体建设具有重要意义。     

政策变迁中公益牺牲与社会义务之调适——以城镇小区配套幼儿园移交政策为例

公共政策变迁中由于涉及对私主体财产权的拘束而执行困难,并影响政策目标实现的情形,在实践中屡有发生。城镇小区配套幼儿园移交政策就集中反映了此类问题。由于城镇小区配套幼儿园原所有者财产权之取得具有长期的政策背景,而产权移交又涉及其权利减损,进而出现政策执行困难。究其原因,是基于公共利益需要而产生的特别牺牲,与财产权的社会义务之间存在冲突。前者的不可期待性与后者的可期待性之间界限模糊。调控与助推理念的适用有助于调适二者的关系,促使利益调控成为行政法的基本任务之一,进而建构以比例原则、依法行政原则和溯及力标准为主要内容的调适标准,使公共利益维护和私人利益保障之间尽可能平衡,进而推动公共政策目标的实现。     

The Limitations and Opportunities of Business Process Re-engineering in a Politicized Organizational Climate

This paper is concerned with the organizationalchange and project management issues raised by theimplementation of a business process re-engineering(BPR) approach in the politicized hospital context. This is a report of research in progress,focusing on the issues arising at the problem definitionand project planning stages of a BPR application in anoperating theaters department experiencing problems with scheduling and delays. The research designrelies on a case study approach, with the researcher asparticipant observer, as both an adviser to the projectteam and as field interviewer. The paper argues that an ambitious BPR agenda is compromised inat least two regards. First, the lack of precisionsurrounding the focus and methodology of BPR givespolitically motivated actors considerable influence with respect to defining terms of reference in wayswhich will shape potential outcomes in their favor.Second, the complexity and indeterminacy of the businessprocess or patient trail can also diluteredesign attempts. The principal limitations of theapproach thus concern the impracticality of embarking onrapid and radical change working from a blanksheet of paper with respect to organizational and job design. BPR, unlike other organizationdevelopment interventions, is not a contextsensitive approach. The role of project manageris critical in establishing a working balance betweenindividual, occupational, and organizational goals in a manner perceivedto be legitimate in the context. Effective BPR projectmanagement thus requires a combination of political andprocess analysis skills. The principal opportunities of BPR derive from its process orientation,which brings a fresh perspective to a traditionally andfunctionally fragmented organizational setting, andwhich presents a potentially valuable platform for anevolutionary approach to process improvement.