浅析经济新闻的民生视角

随着我国市场经济的迅猛发展并趋于成熟,经济新闻越来越为人们所关注、重视。目前中国政府提出"改善民生",为"民生视角"的新闻报道提供了大量素材和广泛受众。大势所趋,媒体应以"民生视角"来报道经济新闻。电视民生新闻的崛起为"民生视角"的广播报道提供了借鉴。而"小角度"报道、"百姓立场"关注、"零距离"解读和"大容量"覆盖则是可行的方式。     

明代前期潮州海防及其历史影响(下)

明代潮州的海防格局,是在洪武朝30多年间逐步建立起来的。文章主要通过明代地方文献的分析,描述明初潮州海防系统建立的缘由、过程和制度变迁,探讨沿海卫所布局所反映的潮州地方社会情形,一个侧面反映明初中央王朝的政策在沿海边远地区推行的实况及地方社会的因应过程。文章也力图从当时社会的实际情况出发去理解海防体系建构过程的种种安排,并揭示这一过程对地方社会的长远影响。文章试图说明,就户籍和田土管理制度而言,明初潮州地方确实存在着行政和军事两大相互独立的系统,但与北方和西南沿边地区不同的是,东南沿海的“沿海卫所”和“内地卫所”可能并未因为这种管理体制的差别,而成为独立于府县之外“地理单位”。相反的,潮州沿海的各个守御千户所都与周围的乡村有密切的联系,成为理解小范围地域社会发展脉络不可或阙的重要因素。明初潮州海防另一影响深远的举措,是南澳岛的弃守。洪武初年曾将粤闽交界洋面南澳岛的居民纳入版图,但洪武、永乐年间“弃而不守”。南澳岛因而成为各国商人和各种海上活动力量聚集之区,从而变成有明一代闽粤海防的心腹大患,其影响直至清初实施迁界政策之后。文章也对这一举措的历史影响进行了讨论。     

具有高次积分的二阶三阶常微分方程的结构定理

本文利用确定高次积分因子的引理与确定对应的高次积分的公式以及微分特征列集(吴)方法,给出了拥有高次积分的二阶三阶常微分方程结构定理.     

结构语法与TG语法的对比研究

20世纪的美国语言学经历了两个高峰时期,一个是布龙菲尔德时期(美国结构语法),另一个是乔姆斯基时期(转化生成语法)。前者不同于欧洲结构主义的,是美国式的结构主义,主张行为主义的语言观,采用归纳法,并对语言结构做出描写;而后者重视语言的普遍现象,主张惟理主义的语言观,采用演绎法,对语言现象作出解释。     

应用层次分析法识别组织创新风险

伴随着组织创新的巨大风险已严重威胁企业的生存和发展。文章在分析了风险识别常用方法的优缺点后,提出了用层次分析法识别组织创新风险,并应用该方法对某企业的组织创新风险进行识别。     

从大学文化建设层面探析隐性德育效能

大学文化建设不仅是高校德育运行的新载体,也成为隐性德育效能发挥的主要平台。在大学文化建设的精神文化、制度文化、环境文化、行为文化这四个主要层面中,德育中的隐性教育通过多种渠道的隐性德育课程发挥出不可忽视的作用。     

Survival of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13565 in Intermediate Moisture Foods is Highly Variable

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, enterotoxin-producing coccus. It is a hardy organism and known to survive over a wide range of water activities, pH values, and temperatures. The objective of this study was to model the survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus ATCC 13565 in intermediate moisture foods (IMFs). Various initial concentrations (approximately 10(1), 10(2), 10(3), and 10(4) CFU/g) were used to inoculate three different IMFs (beefsteak, bread, and chicken pockets). Viable counts were determined up to 60 days using tryptic soy agar. Inoculum size did not influence the survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus in these foods. The rate of change (increase or decrease) in log CFU/day was calculated for every consecutive pair of data points and by linear regression for each inactivation curve. Both consecutive pair and linear regression rates of change were fit to logistic distributions (with parameters alpha and beta) for each food. Based on the distribution parameters, survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus was predicted by computer simulation. The simulations indicated an overall decline in S. aureus population over time, although a small fraction of samples in the consecutive pair simulation showed a slight population increase even after 60 days, consistent with the observed data. Simulation results were compared to predictions from other computer models. The models of Stewart et al., were fail-safe, predicting the possibility of significant growth only after > 3,000 days. The USDA pathogen modeling program predictions were found to be fail-dangerous, predicting declines at least four times faster than observed.     

信息力学与对称化管理

在信息人的假设基础上,认为管理学是信息动力学,人在社会中的运动,是人的信息位在信息场空间中的变动。由于对称性支配的相互作用,所以在信息场空间的信息相互作用中存在着各种层次上的对称性机制,因而管理在本质上是对称化管理。     

A flexible semiparametric transformation model for survival data

I suggest an extension of the semiparametric transformation model that specifies a time-varying regression structure for the transformation, and thus allows time-varying structure in the data. Special cases include a stratified version of the usual semiparametric transformation model. The model can be thought of as specifying a first order Taylor expansion of a completely flexible baseline. Large sample properties are derived and estimators of the asymptotic variances of the regression coefficients are given. The method is illustrated by a worked example and a small simulation study. A goodness of fit procedure for testing if the regression effects lead to a satisfactory fit is also suggested.     

A hazard model of the probability of medical school drop-out in the UK

Summary.  From individual level longitudinal data for two entire cohorts of medical students in UK universities, we use multilevel models to analyse the probability that an individual student will drop out of medical school. We find that academic preparedness—both in terms of previous subjects studied and levels of attainment therein—is the major influence on withdrawal by medical students. Additionally, males and more mature students are more likely to withdraw than females or younger students respectively. We find evidence that the factors influencing the decision to transfer course differ from those affecting the decision to drop out for other reasons.