产业发展视角的城市贫困剖解：以西安纺织城为例

现阶段学术界对贫困问题的研究，主要围绕农村贫困展开，较少关注城市人口。以西安纺织城为切入点，结合地区经济特点，对该地区城市贫困问题的现状、成因及对策进行分析。结果显示，该地区城市贫困主要是因为地区产业发展的负累。因此，宏观层面城市反贫困的构架应该以产业振兴为载体，以地区振兴和地区融合为基点展开；从微观层面看，应注意将产业调整和企业产权改革相结合，将人力资本计划的制订和社会关系网的构建结合起来。     

Has the Lewis Turning Point Arrived in China?—Theoretical Analysis and International Experience

各国农业劳动力占总劳动力的比重随着各国人均GDP增长呈现先加速下降而后减 速下降的趋势, 分界点就是刘易斯转折点。跨国平行数据的回归结果表明, 刘易斯转 折点在人均GDP为3,000-4,000美元 (购买力平价2000年国际美元) 之间出现。中国的 人均GDP超越了这一水平, 但农业劳动力比重远高于该经济发展水平下的世界平均水 平, 这很可能意味着中国的农业劳动力转移仍有较大潜力。

关键词: 刘易斯转折点 劳动力转移 跨国平行数据

Using World Bank cross-country panel data to estimate the economic development level that corresponds to the Lewis turning point, we find that as GDP per capita increases, the share of rural labor in the total labor force tends to decrease first at an accelerated rate and then, after passing the Lewis turning point, at a reduced rate. Regression analysis of cross- country panel data shows that the Lewis turning point is reached when GDP per capita reaches somewhere between US$3,000 and US$4,000 dollars (PPP, constant international US dollars for the year 2000). GDP per capita in China has exceeded this level, but the proportion of rural labor in the total labor force remains much higher than the average for countries at the same level of economic development. This may imply that there is still considerable potential for rural labor transfer in China.     

土地流转、资本兼并与扩大内需

立足于我国“三农”问题的根源性问题——土地问题，关注党的十七届三中全会提出的土地经营权流转问题，分析土地经营权流转的意义，主要在于土地、资本、劳动这三个基本生产要素的激活，盘活土地资源，引入非农资本，释放劳动力资源。同时，在土地流转过程中要警惕资本兼并问题；要循序渐进，谨慎推进土地流转。     

我国劳动力供给优势减弱与劳动力转移的优化

近年来，对于我国劳动力供给优势减弱以及劳动力成本上升的问题，不少学者利用刘易斯模型分析了其原因，并提出各种促进、完善我国农村剩余劳动力转移机制的政策措施。文章仍从分析这一问题的经典模型——刘易斯模型入手，但重点借鉴了日本的成功经验，为促进我国农村剩余劳动力转移提出了一系列对策。     

儿童文学与上海出版业的渊源

上海为什么会成为中国儿童文学的摇篮?儿童文学在中国上海的出现是历史的必然选择还是一种意外收获?本文将着重从西法印刷、晚清传教士办报以及商务印书馆和中华书局的创建,考察早期著名儿童刊物的创刊、早期重要儿童文学论著的出版,解析上海近现代出版业的兴起与儿童文学的渊源,探寻儿童文学在中国发生、发展的坎坷之路。     

中国非英语专业大学生汉语和英语阅读观念关系研究

借助“语言阈限假设”理论，调查汉语与英语阅读观念关系问题。研究发现，学生的汉语和英语阅读观念是不同的。汉语阅读观念在英语阅读观念的解释上有极大的作用；英语水平的贡献在许多方面也是显著的，但影响较小。语言阈限的概念不适用于汉语和英语间阅读观念的转移。     

试论明代藩府刻书

明代藩府藏书丰富,刻书数量众多,质量上乘,具有很高的版刻价值和学术价值,这为传统文化的传承和发展起到了举足轻重的作用.我们可从藩府刻书之背景、数量、质量、特点和价值五个方面了解其刻书的概况.     

明代边疆史籍刊刻探研

明代边疆史籍的刊刻上受不断深化的边疆危机的刺激,下承宽松的出版政策之泽,获得了突飞猛进的发展.明代边疆史籍的刊刻分为官刻与私刻两大类.官刻得到朝野的充分重视,特点鲜明.私刻中的坊刻内容丰富,多以丛书的形式在社会上流传;家刻的目的不尽相同,但最终也往往推向市场.明代边疆史籍的刊刻特色鲜明,其经世致用意识强烈、作品种类繁多、体裁体例丰富,对后世产生了深远影响.     

Policy Diffusion and Policy Transfer in Comparative Welfare State Research

For many years, comparative welfare state research has followed a ‘methodological nationalism’ in the sense that countries were treated as independent units. Yet the recent ‘spatial turn’ in comparative politics has also influenced welfare state research. For some years now, the field has been witnessing a growing interest in questions about interdependencies and policy diffusion between countries. In this article, we provide a structured overview of the state of the art in the policy diffusion and transfer literature that deals specifically with social policy. We present and critically evaluate existing theoretical concepts and quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches that enable the analysis of interdependencies between countries. Moreover, we summarize the empirical findings of quantitative and qualitative studies on the diffusion and transfer of social policy, from some pioneering studies to the latest findings. Against this background we point out what we believe to be promising avenues for future research. We focus on five areas: theoretical work on the mechanisms underlying diffusion and transfer; methodological approaches; the impact of domestic institutions and policy characteristics on social policy diffusion and transfer; programme‐specific dynamics; and the systematic combination of horizontal and vertical interdependencies.     

AGING,RETIREMENT AND SOCIAL SECURITY IN A MODEL OF INTEREST GROUPS

The assessment of the degree of genetic variation in a natural population, and the nature of that variation, is of central importance in both theoretical and applied population studies. Two “variance” results in population genetics theory are presented. For the first, expressions are found for the expected difference in the estimates of genetic variation in a population obtained by two investigators sampling from the same population in the same generation. The second result concerns the question of whether the degree of genetic variation in a population is best estimated by using the number of alleles observed in a sample of genes or by the number of polymorphic sites observed in the sample. For some combinations of the actual degree of variation and the sample size the former is preferred while for other combinations the latter is preferred. The reason for this is discussed.