不同乳酸浓度对骨骼肌变力状态的影响

观察不同浓度乳酸状态下对骨骼肌力学的影响.取小鼠腹直肌条,为防止热缺血缺氧性损伤,先采用预冷灌流液处理,再缓慢复温,把小鼠腹直肌一端固定在恒温肌槽中,另一端连接张力换能器,采用生物机能实验系统,分别记录分析0 mmol,2 mmol,4 mmol,8 mmol,16 mmol/L等乳酸浓度下的腹直肌条接受电刺激(电刺激强度为1.2倍最大刺激强度)后力学的变化.在不同乳酸浓度下,肌肉收缩时张力变化不明显(P>0.05),但肌肉收缩和舒张时的张力速率随着乳酸浓度的增高呈直线关系.不同乳酸浓度组之间的dF/dt和-dF/dt的比较存在着显著性的差异(P<0.01或P<0.05).提示运动时产生的乳酸对肌肉收缩力学的影响主要降低dF/dt和-dF/dt,可能是造成肌肉做功能力降低的重要因素.     

我国货币流通速度计量分析

通过计量分析研究我国1978年—2003年间货币流通速度的变化,指出影响我国货币流通速度的主要因素有经济货币化、金融现代化、储蓄率、利率和通货膨胀率,并予以不同程度的解释。提出我国在制定货币政策时,应注意货币流通速度的变化。在此基础上对改善这种状况提出相应建议,以供相关部门参考。     

高斯波包在截止波导中的传播

分析了电磁波传播时的超光速群速。对高斯波包在分段填充不同介质的波导中的传播情况进行了数值模拟,得到高斯波包通过截止区的群速和能速,并对其中涉及到的“超光速”问题作了一定的分析。通过模拟得出,在一定的截止区长度范围内和一定工作频率范围内,群速超过光速;并得到,波包的能量传播速度(能速)始终不会超过光速。     

A Numerical Method for Estimating the Variance of Age at Maximum Growth Rate in Growth Models

Studies on maturation and body composition mention age at peak height velocity (PHV) as an important measure that could predict adulthood outcome. The age at PHV is often derived from growth models such as the triple logistic fitted to the stature (height) data. Theoretically, for a well-behaved growth function, age at PHV could be obtained by setting the second derivative of the growth function to zero and solving for age. Such a solution obviously depends on the parameters of the growth function. Therefore, the uncertainty in the estimation of age at PHV resulting from the uncertainty in the estimation of the growth model, need to be accounted for in the models in which it is used as a predictor. Explicit expressions for the age at PHV and, consequently the variance of the estimate of the age at PHV, do not exist for some of the commonly used nonlinear growth functions, such as the triple logistic function. Once an estimate of this variance is obtained, it could be incorporated in subsequent modeling either through measurement error models or by using the inverse variances as weights. A numerical method for estimating the variance is implemented. The accuracy of this method is demonstrated through comparisons in models where explicit solution for the variance exists. The method of estimating the variance is illustrated by applying to growth data from the Fels study and subsequently used as weights in modeling two adulthood outcomes from the same study.     

卫星导航接收机测速精度测量方法研究

以GPS为例,研究卫星导航接收机动态测量精度的测量方法。讨论了被动式导航接收机的测速原理,阐述了卫星导航信号模拟源产生信号的基本方法,说明通过调节模拟源中各延迟环节的时延量,即可模拟产生相对于载频的频偏,以此作为接收机动态的理论真值并与实际测量值相比较,可获得包括速度在内的动态测量精度。在理论分析的基础上介绍了基于模拟源的接收机测速精度测量的实现方法。     

MCS—8098单片机控制的交流电机调速控制系统

介绍了一种变频变压（ＶＶＶＦ）、脉宽调制（ＰＷＭ）的交流（ＡＣ）电动机转达调节控制系统，该系统采用ＭＣＳ－８０９８单片机作为控制部件。文中给出了产生正弦脉宽调制（ＳＰＷＭ）序列的算法，及该控制系统的工作原理、硬件和软件框图。     

阻尼振动法估测分子直径

物质分子的大小通常约为10~(-8)厘米的数量级，要准确地测出一个分子的大小是非常困难的，需要有复杂的实验设备，本文介绍一种简便方法，对分子大小的数量级给出一个估计。     

匀变速直线运动的判断

以物体做匀变速直线运动的判断方法，对利用位移差相等（△Ｓ＝ａＴ２）来判断物体是否作匀变速直线运动进行分析，论证了位移差相等只是判断物体作匀变速直线运动的必要条件，给出了该判断的充要条件是，对验证匀变速直线运动的实验提出了采用频率可调打点计时器和对运动物体增系一个速度计等改进意见．     

Time-Varying Risk Measurement for Ship Collision Prevention

We propose an innovative time-varying collision risk (TCR) measurement for ship collision prevention in this article. The proposed measurement considers the level of danger of the approaching ships and the capability of a ship to prevent collisions. We define the TCR as the probability of the overlap of ships’ positions in the future, given the uncertainty of maneuvers. Two sets are identified: (1) the velocity obstacle set as the maneuvers of the own ship that lead to collisions with target ships, and (2) the reachable velocity set as the maneuvers that the own ship can reach regarding its maneuverability. We then measure the TCR as the time-dependent percentage of overlap between these two sets. Several scenarios are presented to illustrate how the proposed measurement identifies the time-varying risk levels, and how the approach can be used as an intuitively understandable tool for collision avoidance.     

有关少儿足球队员速度训练的几个问题

根据中学生的年龄、特点进行业余训练 ,探讨如何在业余训练中抓住速度这个环节 ,培养少儿足球队员的速度和灵活性 ,并取得理想效果。