走不出经典的女性命运--社会现实法则对作家笔下女性命运的影响

自从父系社会确立了男权统治地位,女性的行为准则逐渐被以集体无意识的方式规范下来,成为根深蒂固的社会现实法则.在集体无意识的强大规范下,无论是女性的自身行为违背了社会现实法则,还是超越了现实法则,她们或者被强大的社会现实力量压倒,或者被当作一位不可超越的天使神圣化,只能成为一个美好但没有生命的对象.无论是违背还是超越了社会现实法则,女性的命运都无法走出经典的悲剧结局,这既是经典作家们对社会现实的精确演绎,也是个性化作家的集体无意识流露.     

公共物品供给效率与地方政府经济职能

公共物品只是某一特定集体的公共物品 ,具有一定的区域性。集体的规模对公共物品的供给效率有着重要影响 ,相对于中央政府而言 ,规模较小的地方政府在公共物品供给中也具有更高的效率。同时 ,地区间差异和地方政府本身的利益取向等也决定了强化地方政府的经济职能 ,增加地方政府的公共物品供给是提高公共物品供给效率的一个可行途径。     

第三代领导集体关于农村工作的理论与实践

党的第三代领导集体提炼和总结出了一套比较完整的农村经济发展理论,1989年以来,以江泽民为核心的第三代领导集体形成后,不仅坚持了这些理论和政策,而且在新的历史条件下发展了这些理论和政策,进一步稳定和完善了联产承包责任制;坚持了农业的基础地位;实施了科教兴国战略;开展了扶贫与西部大开发;减轻农民经济负担,使农村经济进一步走向繁荣。     

农村矿业用地用途管制探析

土地具有经济属性和社会属性,农村耕地转变用途后能获取超额增值收益,市场的局限性在于发挥土地经济属性的同时抑制社会属性。市场失灵为政府管制定位,政府通过严格的用途管制弥补市场不足。土地发展权是由人与土地关系而引起的人与人之间的社会关系,权利行使的社会化要求土地发展权主体承担社会性义务。由土地利用总体规划及年度计划配置土地发展权,政府通过矿业市场准入制度审查矿业用地的合法性。强制性用途管制依赖法制的约束力和执行力。     

论我国集体土地征收补偿内容和征收程序的完善——从日本土地收用法制经验出发

我国集体土地征收制度不够完善,导致实践中问题重重。集体土地征收中补偿内容和征收程序是最重要的两部分。借鉴日本《土地收用法》中正当补偿和合理程序两方面的经验,我国集体土地的征收在征收补偿方面应制定完全补偿的补偿原则,扩大补偿客体,完善各项目的补偿标准。在征收程序方面应增加事业公共利益认定程序,设立专门的土地征收机构,透明征地信息、保障公众参与权。     

Coordinating Theory,Evidence, and Practice:

Concern about the harmful effects of industrial toxins has resulted in growing numbers of citizens fighting against toxic exposure in their communities. This paper describes key concepts derived from theories used to examine collective action in response to the threat of toxic exposure. These concepts are defined, synthesized into a theoretical framework, and illustrated. The framework provides an organizing perspective that social workers can use to respond to the problem of toxic exposure. The framework is one step toward advancing theory and research for organizing communities to respond to toxic exposure and other social problems when collective action is a viable response.     

In memoriam: L. H. M. Ling

In the early phase of its rule in Turkey (2002–4), the pro-Islamic government of the AKP (Justice and Development party) and various branches of the state collaborated in a series of political and economic reforms. The democratization process has gradually moderated and integrated Islamic actors into the secular Turkish Republic. However, it has also had polarizing effects on social groups. Among many, the polarization of two groups of women, ‘pious’ and ‘secularist’, deserves particular attention. Instead of bringing Turkish women together, gender reforms, particularly the lifting of the headscarf ban in universities, have divided women and created disarray and confrontation in society. This article reveals and compares the two dramatically different patterns of political engagement by pious and secularist women in leadership positions in contemporary Turkey. On the one hand, it reveals the increasingly radical backlash of secularist women against the increasing visibility in public spaces of pious women who veil. On the other hand, it examines how pious women, who see the tumult their religious observance in the public space is creating, are increasingly turning to a non-confrontational mode of non-response. What is the prognosis for the future of a democratic Turkey?     

北宋士人贬谪山水中的“集体记忆”——以苏轼及苏门诸子武昌“寒溪西山”唱和为例

宋人因酷烈党争而频繁陷入贬谪之中,又通过理性内省提升内心境界以挺立精神主体,使贬谪中的山水具备迥别于唐人的文化品格。由苏轼所发起苏门诸子参与的武昌寒溪西山唱和,即是以山水为媒介来反思士人贬谪命运、树立自由人格、因诗以进道而追寻文化价值的典型例子。并在一定的时间维度下通过想象追忆的艺术创造,构筑起士人群体间维系情感交流、心理勉慰和价值认同的"集体记忆"。这种"集体记忆"通过山水审美活动使士人坚守文化理想的人文情怀得以传承延续下去。     

A Consumer Cooperative Association Specializing in Services for the Elderly

Summary

Over the past 10 years, a Japanese cooperative association named Fukushi Club Seikyo (FCS) has developed a unique, non-profit business specializing in services for the elderly. It aims to promote a reciprocal support system among neighborhood community members. FCS has successively organized its active members, mainly homemakers, into workers' collectives and successfully provided various life support services at a very small charge. Their human-touch service appears in sharp contrast to bureaucratic public services and profit-making private services. The civil initiative presented by FCS suggests a potential for a community-based social service system that may guarantee quality services without raising taxes and premiums for social insurance.     

也谈集体主义的本质内涵

长期以来 ,人们对集体主义的本质内涵存在着争议。从集体主义的产生和在现实生活中的实践及作用来看 ,集体主义是无产阶级的思想体系 ,是社会主义意识形态的集中概括 ;为绝大多数人谋利益是集体主义的本质内涵 ;人类的解放——自由人的联合体是集体主义的理想状态