风险感知视角下邻避冲突中公众行为演化及化解策略——以浙江余杭垃圾焚烧项目为例

近几年中国公众对有害邻避设施（垃圾焚烧、化工厂等）带来环境风险的强烈感知,使得邻避类群体性事件高发频发。风险感知视角下浙江余杭垃圾焚烧项目先后经历了强烈的风险感知、坚决反对—风险感知的下降、尝试了解—态度转变、迎臂接纳三个阶段,最终成功破题原址建设。风险感知视角下邻避项目中公众的行为演化机理遵循的逻辑为：项目本身的实体风险—风险感知的放大—危机产生—介入因素转变—风险感知降低—危机解除。要摆脱邻避项目陷入应急处理的窠臼,应构建嵌入公众风险感知的常态化决策程序,其内核为公众风险感知的嵌入,中间为到位的风险沟通、科学的技术评估与合理的利益补偿三环相扣的闭环环节,协商民主的理念则贯穿整个过程。     

论当代中国文化转型价值冲突

21世纪的中国社会正在步入一个全面的转型期,文化的转型与冲突又是当代社会讨论的一个焦点问题。本文论述了中国文化追求的现代化转型的总体性特征,更多的是表现出一种文化的冲突,特别是文化价值层面上的传统与现代、经济与道德、公平与效率、个体与集体的冲突。     

社会转型期农村邻里冲突的解构分析

社会转型期农村邻里冲突增多,影响了农村社会秩序的稳定。探究起来,这些冲突源于农民生活、生产方式和场域的变化,价值观与追求的变化,社会分层的发生与部分人在较前陡增的社会压力下产生的心理畸变。     

宋辽西夏金民族互动过程述论

中国民族团结的发展在经历了隋唐的第二次大整合之后,在宋辽西夏金元时又进入第二次大冲突时期。     

文明对话的发展及其世界意义

苏联解体 ,冷战结束 ,美国哈佛大学著名学者亨廷顿提出“文明冲突论”。他认为一场新的冷战为期不远 ,所不同的是已经过去的冷战是以意识形态为分野 ,而新的冷战是以文化为界线 ;过去的威胁是苏联 ,现在的威胁则是伊斯兰教—儒教的联盟。他的这个论点 ,国际大部分学者很难苟同。美国哈佛大学另一位著名学者杜维明教授则力主“文明对话论” ,他相信多元文化并存 ,通过对话和理解 ,通过各种文化自身的反省与变革 ,人类一定会迎来一个充满希望的新世纪。为此 ,几年来他在世界各地组织并参加一些“文明对话”的国际学术讨论会。在他的带动下 , 2 0 0 2年 8月哈佛大学—燕京学社与南京大学在南京召开了“文明对话国际学术讨论会” ,这是一次穆斯林学者与非穆斯林学者的文明对话的学术讨论会。本刊 2 0 0 2年第 4期已选载了这次会议的部分学术论文。在这次会议上杜维明先生发表了题为“文明对话的发展及其世界意义”的演讲 ,他视野开阔 ,观点新颖 ,在与会学者中引起很大的反响他认为很多杰出的学者已经看到亨廷顿“文明冲突论”非常狭隘的二分法破绽。如果要在全球化的过程中使各种不同的民族文化能够逐渐地在合而不同的背景下生存就需要通过对话,逐渐发展出生命共同 体的意愿 ;通过对话 ,大家都具有和平共     

明代西南总督与民族社会冲突调控

明代总督之制,始于西南。本文在对明代30余任西南总督的统计基础上,探讨了总督置罢、事权授予、辖区大小、任期长短与西南民族地区社会冲突之间的内在联系。文章提出,西南总督之暂设,以及西南民族社会冲突主要依托西南数省之力调控,皆反映了明中央王朝重北轻南的边疆战略思想。西南总督之设,虽有维护边疆民族地区统一和稳定之意义,但大军征讨所带来的破坏与影响至为沉重,是为史鉴。     

马克思恩格斯的劳资利益关系思想

近年来，随着非公有制经济的发展，非公有制领域就业人口的逐渐增多，劳资矛盾冲突问题越来越突出。劳资关系是马克思恩格斯研究的核心，通过分析资本对劳动的剥削理论，马克思恩格斯构建起来科学社会主义的理论大厦。马克思恩格斯的劳资关系思想主要包括劳资关系形成的基础、资本对劳动的剥削与劳资矛盾、资本对劳动的权力、资本积累收入差距、工会在劳资关系中的作用、世界市场与国际劳资关系等内容。     

Factors Preventing Gridlock in Chilean Couples’ Relationships Based on the Discourse of Couples Therapists and Highly Adjusted Couples

The term gridlock describes the occurrence of rigid patterns in couples’ conflict. This study aimed to describe strategies of conflict resolution and gridlock prevention from the perspectives of couples and couple therapists. Participants were couple therapists and highly adjusted couples scored by the dyadic adjustment scale (DAS), distributed according to traditional and non‐traditional position in life and duration of relationships. Conflict gridlock scenarios were used to create video stimulus that were presented to participants. A qualitative methodology was used to analyse couples’ and therapists’ commentaries on the scenarios. Results showed differences in preventing conflict gridlock among sub‐groups of couples. Long‐term traditional couples focused on loyalty to a common project and value sacrificing to a higher good; long‐term non‐traditional couples prioritised caring and validating the bond in the relationship. Short‐term traditional couples focused on mutual love and the relief of hurt while short‐term non‐traditional couples supported the value of equity.     

Patterns of im/mobility,conflict and the re/making of identity narratives*

ABSTRACT

This paper analyses the interrelationship between patterns of im/mobility on the one hand and the reconstitution of social collective identities and the related emergence or settlement of conflicts on the other. The main arguments are (1) that the im/mobility of a social or cultural group has major impact on how identity narratives, a sense of belonging and relationships to ‘others’ are shaped, and vice versa, and (2) that these dynamics are closely interlinked with mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion between groups and power structures that involve a broad variety of actors. Mainly looking at patterns of internal mobility such as ‘traditional’ or strategic mobilities and mobilities enforced by crisis, conflict or governmental programmes and regimes, the contribution provides the conceptual background for a special issue that aims to go beyond currently predominant issues of transnational migration. Established or emerging dynamics of (non-)integration and belonging, caused by im/mobility, are analysed on a cultural and political level, which involves questions of representation, indigeneity/autochthony, political rights and access to land and other resources. Conflict situations in contexts of mobility involve changes in the social understanding and renegotiation, reconstruction or reproduction of group identities and narratives with reference to certain socio-political and historical patterns. The legitimation of rights and access to various forms of citizenship and mobility need to be understood against the backdrop of emerging or established mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion between groups, which trigger or settle conflicts and make social identities to be constantly renegotiated.     

Parents’ and children’s power effectiveness during polyadic family conflict: Process and outcome

Parent–child power effectiveness was investigated during naturally occurring polyadic family conflict with young children involving three or more family members. In 35/39 families, 210 conflict sequences were identified and coded for type of power, power effectiveness, and conflict outcome. Effective use of power overall and by each partner was assessed using two methods: microscopic (target’s response to an actor’s power move during the process of conflict) and macroscopic (power moves related to conflict outcome). Actor findings revealed that parents were more effective using certain types of power microscopically (i.e., simple, legitimate, reward) and macroscopically (i.e., simple, legitimate, questioning), whereas children were more effective using reward power macroscopically. Our findings support the unique qualities of the parent–child relationship and the complex context of polyadic family conflict. The study contributes to the literature on the socialization of young children in the family context.