汉语量词的语用功能及其英译

丰富的量词是现代汉语最重要的特点之一。它可以分类为名量词和动量词，也可分类为人称类量词和非人称类量词。汉语量词具有不同的语用功能。分析汉语量词的类别及语用特征，探讨汉语量词的翻译方法，具有重要的实践意义。     

牵动思维与表述功能的现代诗歌欧化语言

从外国诗歌语言中借鉴而来的欧化语言贯穿了整个中国现代诗歌的发展过程。这主要表现为欧化词语的介入、语法与句法的更新以及语言表述方式与诗歌功能的拓展三个层面。尽管其命运坎坷，但已经内化为现代诗歌不可离析的一部分。     

科学发展观视野下政府职能转变的方向与途径探析

科学发展观是一种全新的政治诉求，蕴含着全新的价值取向，呼唤政府职能的进一步转换。科学发展观视野下我国政府职能转变的基本方向是强化公共服务职能以建设公共服务型政府，强化政府的可持续发展推动功能，在政府职能范围上注重收缩与扩展并举。应通过宣传教育在全社会推进政府观念的转型，通过促进公共职能履行主体的多元化来推进公共职能的转移，通过行政体制的完善和行政制度的健全促进政府职能的转变。     

非言语交际与外语教学

非言语交际作为言语交际的重要组成部分，在外语教学中，起着不可忽视的作用。恰当地使用非言语交际行为，能够创建良好的师生关系，提高学生学习兴趣。本文分析了非言语交际行为的重要性及其在外语课堂教学中的表现形式和作用。     

Use of log−log survival function in modeling time-covariate interactions in Cox regression

Plotting of log−log survival functions against time for different categories or combinations of categories of covariates is perhaps the easiest and most commonly used graphical tool for checking proportional hazards (PH) assumption. One problem in the utilization of the technique is that the covariates need to be categorical or made categorical through appropriate grouping of the continuous covariates. Subjectivity in the decision making on the basis of eye-judgment of the plots and frequent inconclusiveness arising in situations where the number of categories and/or covariates gets larger are among other limitations of this technique. This paper proposes a non-graphical (numerical) test of the PH assumption that makes use of log−log survival function. The test enables checking proportionality for categorical as well as continuous covariates and overcomes the other limitations of the graphical method. Observed power and size of the test are compared to some other tests of its kind through simulation experiments. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed test is more powerful than some of the most sensitive tests in the literature in a wide range of survival situations. An example of the test is given using the widely used gastric cancer data.     

我国新型农民合作社的形态、功能及其发展

按照性质不同,我国的农民合作社可划分为新型农民合作社和传统农民合作社两大类型.新型农民合作社的基本功能是农户间的团结协作和互利互惠,它有利于促进农业产业化经营;抵御农业经营风险;实现农民共同富裕;推进农村民主政治建设.从我国的情况看,在发达国家农业产业化经营的三种模式--综合型模式、合同型模式和合作社型模式中,合作社型模式更适合我国的农业产业化经营.由于当前在发展新型农民合作社中存在的,诸如合作的认识不够明确、合作的环境不够优良、合作的机制不够完善的问题,这需要通过教育普及国际公认的合作经济理论和实务知识;尽快出台<农村资金合作社法>,明确各类农民合作社的主管部门;建立、健全合作社"三会"制度及议事规则.     

论意志在认识中的作用

意志在认识中具有多方面的作用 ,其中最基本的是 :定向作用、控制作用和调节作用。意志在认识中的能动作用是在实践中产生和发展的。主体意志的变化与其所处的外部社会文化环境的变化并非绝对同步的。主体意志具有自身的相对独立性。单独拓展对主体意志认识中的作用的研究 ,具有很大的必要性。     

Moments for a ratio of correlated gamma variates

This paper considers the finite integral moments for the ratio, R = X/Y, where X and Y re correlated gamma distributed variables. An analytical and numerical comparison is given for two classes of underlying bivariate gamma distributions. It is shown that the two bivariate gamma structures provide indentical experessions for the mth unadjussted moment, E(R^m), if and only if either of the following conditions hold : 1) X and Y are uncorrelated of 2) m=1. A numerical evaluation is performed to determine the extent that the two methods differ whenever the variables are correlated     

A Comparison of Hierarchical Methods for Clustering Functional Data

Functional data analysis (FDA)—the analysis of data that can be considered a set of observed continuous functions—is an increasingly common class of statistical analysis. One of the most widely used FDA methods is the cluster analysis of functional data; however, little work has been done to compare the performance of clustering methods on functional data. In this article, a simulation study compares the performance of four major hierarchical methods for clustering functional data. The simulated data varied in three ways: the nature of the signal functions (periodic, non periodic, or mixed), the amount of noise added to the signal functions, and the pattern of the true cluster sizes. The Rand index was used to compare the performance of each clustering method. As a secondary goal, clustering methods were also compared when the number of clusters has been misspecified. To illustrate the results, a real set of functional data was clustered where the true clustering structure is believed to be known. Comparing the clustering methods for the real data set confirmed the findings of the simulation. This study yields concrete suggestions to future researchers to determine the best method for clustering their functional data.     

Extreme statistics from the cosine distribution

The cosine distribution serves as a very good teaching example for which exact moment properties of extreme order statistics can be expressed in terms of elementary functions. This article presents the limiting joint distribution of the extreme order statistics for the cosine distribution. It is shown that burrows'(1986) result is a special case of the result presented in this article.