大学英语专业考试制度的弊端与改革——对英语专业学生的调查与研究

现行的大学英语专业的考试制度，由于其内在的一些不合理性，已导致了一系列的不良后果。为了革除这种考试制度的弊端，我们进行了认真的调查与研究，在此基础上探讨了弊端产生之根源，并提出了相应的解决方法。     

中国“三农”抽样调查之抽样框问题研究

20世纪90年代后期,中国的＂三农＂问题逐步突显出来,涉及＂三农＂问题的抽样调查也越来越多。然而,抽取样本依据的抽样框大多是基于普查和行政记录资料编制的单纯名录抽样框。单纯名录抽样框的使用存在很多弊端。拟从抽样框的建立与更新维护两个阶段进行分析,提出解决现有问题的具体思路。在抽样框的建立阶段,建立名录抽样框和区域抽样框相结合的双重简单抽样框,并在此简单抽样框的基础上添加特征群,构建适合不同调查类别的复杂抽样框;在抽样框的更新维护阶段,通过合理地制度安排,以普查数据为基础,以建设抽样框数据库为契机开展抽样框的更新维护工作,使建成的抽样框得到及时有效地更新维护。     

结构一能动性干扰：问卷调查精度的局限性分析

以往对于问卷调查精度的探讨通常局限在“访问员“受访者”或“研究者”的三维关系当中，或专门针对问卷本身进行技术改良，很少注意到与这三者紧密相关的社会环境因素。以人为客体的社会领域研究不同于自然科学，势必会受到社会环境因素的干扰。而在问卷调查过程当中，影响调查精度最深的社会性因素是行政管理结构，这一结构性因素贯穿于问卷调查的始末，在这一结构作用下，行政管理者可以依附结构力量，能动地对问卷调查的结果产生影响，引导问卷结果偏向更加有利的一面，通过对以往研究过程当中所遇到的此类现象进行综合分析，总结出行政管理者所采用的四种能动性影响方式，从而探讨其对问卷调查的影响。最终，将这一影响问卷调查结果的现象称为“结构一能动性干扰”，并认为这一因素可能造成问卷结果在很大程度上会偏离真实，而对这一问题的解决，难以简单从以往三维关系或问卷技术改良上得到改善。     

Class and ideological orientations revisited: an exploration of class‐based mechanisms

Studies of the relationship between class position and political outlooks still only have a limited understanding of the class‐related mechanisms that matter for ideological orientations. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms that link class position and left/right and authoritarian/libertarian orientations. Besides main factors such as income, career prospects, job security, education, class origin and class identification, the significance of work‐related factors such as work autonomy, working in a team, a physically demanding job and a mentally demanding job is studied. The findings are based on a survey specifically designed for this purpose and collected in Sweden in 2008/2009. A great deal of the association between class position and left/right orientations is explained by socio‐economic conditions; different classes sympathize with policies that will benefit them economically. Another important factor is class identification. Work‐related factors also have relevance, but the effect of class position on left/right orientations works mainly through the remuneration system. Class position is also related to authoritarian/libertarian orientations. However, this relationship is less explained by socio‐economic position per se, but is rather an effect of the educational system and its allocation of the workforce into different class positions. It also turns out that work‐related factors do not explain the class effects; however, a physically demanding job shows a unique effect. Overall, our findings suggest that besides factors such as class position, income, education and class identification, we need to consider work‐related aspects to derive a more complete understanding of the distribution of ideological orientations in Western societies.     

高校教工慢性病及其危险因素现状调查

2012年1月—2013年1月,对几所高校1 268名教工慢性病的发病情况及危险因素进了行分析.结果表明,随着年龄增长,女性患高血压、高脂血症及肥胖、超重的比例均呈增高趋势;而55岁以下的男性,肥胖和超重人数随年龄增长而增多,大于55岁者则渐趋下降.糖尿病和高血压患者无性别差异,其他慢性病的患病率均为男性高于女性.高脂血症和高血压随体重指数(BMI)的增高而有上升之势,而体重指数与糖尿病的患病率无明显相关性.肥胖、超重或消瘦的教职工,其糖尿病患病率均高于标准体重指数的人群.     

中国现代文学期刊研究的综合考察

中国现代文学期刊是现代中国社会与文学变革的催生剂,也是作家作品生产的重要载体。总结中国现代文学期刊的研究经验,特别是总结近三十年来的研究经验,将会促进中国现代文学研究学术质量的整体性提升。而进一步提高期刊研究的理论自觉,拓展研究的广度与深度,则是中国现代文学期刊研究所面临的迫切任务。     

Conducting Large‐Scale Surveys in Secondary Schools: The Case of the Youth On Religion (YOR) Project

There are few published articles on conducting large‐scale surveys in secondary schools, and this paper seeks to fill this gap. Drawing on the experiences of the Youth On Religion project, it discusses the politics of gaining access to these schools and the considerations leading to the adoption and administration of an online survey. It is concluded that successful research in schools has to be planned carefully in collaboration with key members of staff, and justified as an educational activity. Providing speedy feedback was helpful to ensure schools benefited from the research and to keep them engaged with the project. © 2011 The Author(s). Children & Society © 2011 National Children’s Bureau and Blackwell Publishing Limited     

An Ecological Assessment of Drug-Related Problem Situations for American Indian Adolescents of the Southwest

ABSTRACT

This study examined difficult situations related to drug and alcohol use as identified by American Indian youth in the Southwest. Sixty-two contextually based items were developed from focus group data, and were administered to 71 American Indian youth. The items measured the frequency in which youth experienced specific drug-related situations, as well as the perceived difficulty in resisting drug use offers in those situations. The results indicated that the most frequent and difficult drug and alcohol situations occurred primarily with friends or cousins at their homes or after school. Implications for culturally specific assessment, prevention, and treatment are discussed.     

A Survey of Social Policy Placements in BSW Education

Abstract

CSWE-accredited U.S. BSW programs were surveyed regarding policy placements. The response rate was 39 percent. Thirty-three percent of the programs had policy placements and, of a total of 4,872 students, only 124 were in policy placements. Associated factors were: (1) the respondent believed that policy practice was compatible with generalist BSW practice; and (2) the respondent believed that BSW practitioners should spend a higher proportion of their time on policy practice. Distance from the state capital was significant for programs within 90 miles. The discussion includes identifying the need to increase the number of policy placements and suggestions for accomplishing this.     

Social Support and Health Among Senior Internet Users: Results of an Online Survey

ABSTRACT

There is some disagreement as to whether the Internet has a positive or negative impact on social connection and well-being for older adults. Using an online survey, we assessed self-reported social support, health, and Internet use patterns among users over fifty years of age. In a comparison of highly social Internet users versus low-social users, we found that high-social users spent more time on-line and reported more physical and mental health problems. However, the groups did not differ in amount of or satisfaction with social support they received. Implications of these results are discussed.