独生子女特征对父母退休后劳动参与的影响——以上海为例

利用2010年在上海市静安区进行的老年独生子女父母状况与需求调查数据,在独生子女父母退休后劳动参与现状和个人特征、家庭特征的双变量统计基础上,利用二项Logistic方法实证分析独生子女父母的性别、健康状况、经济状况、文化程度、婚姻状况、子女性别、子女健康和婚姻状况等变量对独生子女父母退休后劳动参与行为的影响。研究发现,除了老人自身特征外,子女性别、健康和婚姻状况也是独生子女父母退休后劳动参与的主要影响因素,但老人的经济状况和子女的生育状况对其无明显影响。     

以人为本 做好新时期离退休职工思想政治工作

文章针对企业离退休职工的特点、存在的问题,就如何做好新时期企业离退休职工的思想政治工作,提出了新的思路和途径。     

Mortgage and Lending Instruments Designed for the Elderly

This paper explores the elderly homeowner's need for maintenance/rehabilitation-of-dwelling loans and outlines potential mortgage instruments for which the elderly might qualify in order to obtain modest, modern homes. A delineation of lifestyle, income and psychological factors contributive to the housing-inadequacy of the nondestitute elderly, is presented. This is followed by a discussion of location change stimulated either by housing-dissatisfaction or a desire for family closeness and the resultant financial burden of mortgage payments, taxes, utilities, and assessments. The final section presents mortgage plans available through HUD to address the problems presented and recommendations concerning mortgage plan policy. Key concepts: -Mortgage -Elderly Homeowner -Reverse Annuity Mortgage -Housing-inadequacy -Housing-dissatisfaction -Adult Child Elderly Parent Interaction     

The Retirement Provisions in China,Hong Kong,Singapore and Taiwan: Perspectives on Policy Inputs and Social Outputs

This paper aims to develop an integrated policy index system using a Surface Measure of Overall Performance (SMOP) approach to comprehensively evaluate and compare the policy input and social output of the retirement payment system in urban and rural China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan. With this, a tool may be developed to help insightfully examine the old‐age income policies and appropriately, and perhaps theoretically in the future, categorize the types of retirement provisions or social security policies as a whole in the East and West. The results indicate that, particularly in urban China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan, a low level of de‐familization and medium and high levels of gender equality are the common features of these five pensions in China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan. Furthermore, it is found that the retirement provisions in China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan can well be divided into two groups based on the level of pension right protection and illustrate different characteristics between them accordingly. In addition, policy implications and suggestions for further reforms of these retirement payment schemes are elaborated in the light of the findings of this policy index system.     

Nativity and Older Women's Health: Constructed Reliance in the Health and Retirement Study

ABSTRACT

Gender and nativity are known risk factors for physical and economic dependency. Immigrant women are particularly disadvantaged because of their greater lack of social and economic resources. In this study, we investigate how women immigrants coordinate and utilize various support systems as they approach retirement age, as well as how choices and constraints affect their physical well-being. Experiences throughout the life course play a role in the maintenance of health, but the pre-retirement years are particularly crucial to the establishment of patterns of reliance to be used in later life. We examine the effects of economic resources, social support, and family ties (as well as several exogenous variables) on women's physical health using data from the Health and Retirement Survey. For the women in this study, demographic characteristics, such as Hispanic ethnicity and low education are strong risk factors for poor health. Findings also indicate that reliance patterns across resource domains do not differ significantly by nativity and that both economic and familial resource access significantly lessens the risk of poor health for both native and foreign born women.     

Recruitment Strategies for Conducting Research on Women's Retirement

ABSTRACT

Currently, little information is available to inform new or returning researchers about designing and conducting research on the topic of women and retirement. Few published studies describe how to access non-probability samples of retired women, yet preliminary evidence suggests women possess distinctive characteristics that affect their retirement as well as complicate the recruitment process. In this article, certain challenges and benefits of conducting research with women in retirement are presented. Next, important issues to consider prior to sampling retired women are described. Finally, specific strategies for identifying and recruiting community-dwelling retired women are presented and discussed.     

The Perceptions and Needs of Farm Dwellers Regarding Aging,Advanced Age,and Future Perspectives

Abstract

This article reports on a multidisciplinary study that was undertaken by the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education. This study was done on certain farms in the North West Province of South Africa and called the FLAGH study, meaning the Farm Labour, Agriculture and General Health study. This article reports on a need assessment of farm dwellers done during the second half of 2002 and focuses specifically on perceptions and needs regarding aging, advanced age and future perspectives of aged farm dwellers.

The objective of this study was to ascertain the psychosocial needs and problems of farm dwellers in order to eventually design, implement and evaluate a programme aimed at the improvement of the quality of life of farm dwellers. An exploratory study was done, utilising in-depth interviewing according to a schedule of both quantitative and qualitative nature. Certain aspects, like the attitude of the community towards the elderly, relationships of the elderly with peers, children, grandchildren and spouses were dealt with in this study. Topics like the needs or problems of the elderly, nearing death, old age homes and retirement were also covered in this project.     

浅析杜甫信奉道教的原因

关于杜甫与道教的关系,争论颇多,概括起来不外乎两种。一种认为杜甫对道教信仰的虔诚比李白有过之而无不及;另一种否认杜甫信道,认为道教仅仅给杜诗增添了斑斓的色彩。从杜甫的诗赋入手,以杜解杜,继而得出杜甫有崇道行为和道教信仰,并从时代风气、个人心结、坎坷遭遇、多病身躯几个方面剖析了他信奉道教的原因。     

论李东阳的仕宦意识

李东阳的仕宦意识经历了一个由强烈到淡薄的发展过程.弘治十四年以前,他的仕宦意识比较强烈,这主要与其少年教育、仕途经历、君臣关系有关.之后,这种意识逐渐淡化;至正德间,已非常淡薄.导致这一现象的重要因素主要有三点:功成身退思想之影响;体弱多病,痛失爱子;朝政昏暗,对国事彻底失望.正德间,东阳不能去位,并非迷恋相位,而是不得已而为之,但他并没有真正达到能屈能伸,舍弃一已私利之境界.无论如何,这对国家是有利的.正确把握李东阳仕宦意识之变化,有助于对其做出实事求是的评价.     

Associations between stress at work and attitudes towards retirement in hospital physicians

There is a need to understand the associations between attitudes towards retirement in specific occupations and various psychosocial and work-related factors. This study identified correlates of retirement thoughts and retirement preference in hospital physicians. The sample comprised 447 (251 male and 196 female) physicians from three hospital districts in Finland. After adjustment for gender, age and salary, minor psychiatric morbidity increased likelihood of retirement thoughts and retirement preference. Retirement thoughts and retirement preference were more common in doctors reporting low job control, poor teamwork and unjust supervision than in doctors perceiving their working conditions more favorably. Work preference was associated with high overwork. The associations of work characteristics with retirement thoughts and retirement preference largely persisted after control for indicators of health and social circumstances. In conclusion, in addition to demographic and financial factors and health, retirement attitudes in hospital physicians seem to be related to organizational and managerial factors that are potentially amendable to intervention. This has implications for retaining hospital physicians who might otherwise retire.