Incumbent capability enhancement in response to radical innovations

Schumpeterian market disequilibrium marked by entrepreneurial entry and incumbent exit has long held an important place in management literature. The extant literature has overwhelmingly championed the newcomer, despite incumbents' obvious advantages in resources, experience and market knowledge. The current research provides evidence for the effectiveness of the incumbent's strategy of capability enhancement (along an established technological trajectory) while responding to radical technological innovations. We develop a cognitive process model that integrates managerial cognition with capability development and deployment views, depicting the dynamics of the incumbent's capability enhancement process. We analyze the cognitive drivers of organizational actions in all stages (rigidity, triggering event, and capability renewal) and elucidate the role of top management cognition in the processes of detecting and correcting errors in a strategic course of action. We ground our model in the case of a cork-stopper industry veteran's decline as corks ceded ground to screw tops and other stoppers in the wine industry. How a major company fought back in response to the emergence of these, in the industry context, radical technological innovations, provides the basis for our narrative. The proposed theoretical model contributes to literature on technology management (with regard to incumbent strategies in response to radical innovation threats) as well as the role of cognition in strategy (providing an explanation of the cognitive underpinnings of capability development).     

钢纤维混凝土基本性能试验研究

通过对30个立方体试块抗压强度试验,分析了钢纤维对普通混凝土的增强作用;通过对30个小梁试件三分点加载抗折试验,研究了体积率对钢纤维混凝土(SFRC)荷载-挠度关系及荷载-极限应变关系的影响.在脆性基体中掺入钢纤维,有效地提高了复合材料承受荷载时阻止裂缝引发与扩展的能力,达到对混凝土的增强效果,尤其是对于抗折强度的增强作用,使混凝土的破坏形式由脆性破坏变为塑性破坏.     

供应链管理模式下的企业外包设计研究

供应链管理是近年来在国内外逐渐受到重视的一种新的管理理念与模式,其管理思想是使企业将主要精力放在核心业务上,充分发挥优势,企业中的非核心业务外包给合作企业来完成。因此,企业外包设计成为供应链管理思想的一个重要方面。基于这一背景,首先探讨了企业外包的含义及其构成元素;并根据威廉姆森的新制度经济学中经济业务交易的规制结构对企业外包的规制层次进行划分;最后,构建了在供应链管理模式下基于交易成本和核心竞争力相结合的企业外包设计模型。     

溴化锂水溶液降膜吸收强化技术的实验研究

在吸收式制冷技术中，提高溴化锂水溶液吸收蒸汽效率的手段主要是采用高效传热传质元件和添加表面活性介质。本文主要研究竖直平板流降膜吸收中添加表面活性介质的强化吸收技术。选择一种典型的表面活性介质；2－乙基－己醇，研究在一定实验工况下加入活性介质后不同降膜雷诺数Re、溶液进口温度ts,i、吸收压力、活性介质浓度以及不同降膜长度试件下的吸收强化。     

阅读测验中认知与元认知策略研究

语言知识、策略能力和情绪等心理和社会特征在语言使用中交互作用,并对语言沟通能力产生影响。文章采用定量与定性方法对其预测性及内部关联加以实证。研究发现二者关联度很强,元认知策略对绩效预测力显著强于认知策略。认知与元认知策略呈现相互嵌套模式,相同加工行动在不同情境中由于履行功能差异而转换角色。     

一种改进的图像模糊增强法

基于医学图像对比度差以致正常组织和病态组织难以区分,本文在讨论了Pal.King模糊增强的基础上,对模糊算法进行了改进,改进后的模糊算法效果明显,能增强图像细微细节,提高图像的对比度,改善图像视觉效果,提高诊断的准确性。     

农村电商人才胜任力模型构建——以川陕地区为例

数字经济时代,电商促进了区域经济协调发展,人才为缩小数字鸿沟提供了智力支持。运用文献研究法、行为事件访谈法提取农村电商人才胜任力模型要素,对川陕地区农村电商示范县中的电商从业者进行了调研,并通过探索性因子分析及验证性因子分析进行模型检验,构建了农村电商人才胜任力模型。模型包括外显的经营能力、基础能力、从业知识3个维度,以及内隐的职业素养、个人品质2个维度。基于农村电商人才胜任力模型,从培养机制、培训体系、绩效考核体系以及薪酬管理体系4个方面为农村电商人才培养提出相应建议。     

胜任力视阈里的四川藏区幼儿教师队伍建设

四川藏区特殊的人文和自然环境要求能胜任幼儿教育工作的教师应该具备热爱幼儿教育事业的职业心理、具备保育和教育的知识与技能、能够开展保育和教育、能同时使用国家通用语言（汉语）和少数民族语言同幼儿及家长进行交流、具有良好的身体素质。通过强化幼儿教师的职业意识、创新幼儿教师培养模式、加强保育能力培养、加强校内实训、开展校外顶岗实习和组织幼儿教师参加培训等措施可以促进四川藏区幼儿教师的专业发展。     

民营企业人力资源经理胜任力理论模型构建

通过文献统计初步得到频数较高的人力资源经理胜任力资料，然后从人力资源经理角色、工作职责、民营企业与国有企业中人力资源经理胜任力的对比三个方面进行分析，并结合问卷调查初步建立了民营企业人力资源经理胜任力理论模型。     

English proficiency in Australia, 1981 to 2016

Using Australian census data, the paper examines the incidence of poor English competency in Australia from 1981 onwards. The paper examines English competency in relation to various characteristics such as sex, age, language spoken, visa type, citizenship, duration of residence and location. It finds that there was a sharp rise in the numbers of people not speaking English well between the 2011 and 2016 Censuses and special attention is given to this rise in the paper. Recently, the Australian Government unsuccessfully legislated for the introduction of a requirement of English competency at the level of IELTS 6 (the commonly used university entrance level) as a condition for the award of Australian citizenship. The paper argues that this test would have led to a very large number of disenfranchised Australian permanent residents and this would be a highly undesirable result. Nevertheless, employment and social participation are strongly influenced by English competency and residents with poor English are disadvantaged. The policy suggestion is made that participation in a course of English language training for those without functional English skills could be made a precondition of the award of permanent residence—without the application of a passing grade.