翻译与文化信息的传递

传递文化信息是翻译的首要任务 ,而文化信息可大体分为浓、淡两类。浓厚的文化信息在翻译中不宜浅化 ,但较淡的文化信息可相应虚化。虽不同的翻译目的能够导致不同的翻译行为 ,但为了使文化信息进行有效的传递 ,方法上宜在忠实原作原意的基础上 ,争取译出文字的表面文化信息。     

A method for choosing the smoothing parameter in a semi-parametric model for detecting change-points in blood flow

In a smoothing spline model with unknown change-points, the choice of the smoothing parameter strongly influences the estimation of the change-point locations and the function at the change-points. In a tumor biology example, where change-points in blood flow in response to treatment were of interest, choosing the smoothing parameter based on minimizing generalized cross-validation (GCV) gave unsatisfactory estimates of the change-points. We propose a new method, aGCV, that re-weights the residual sum of squares and generalized degrees of freedom terms from GCV. The weight is chosen to maximize the decrease in the generalized degrees of freedom as a function of the weight value, while simultaneously minimizing aGCV as a function of the smoothing parameter and the change-points. Compared with GCV, simulation studies suggest that the aGCV method yields improved estimates of the change-point and the value of the function at the change-point.     

圆柱滚子柱面加工方法综述

圆柱滚子是滚柱轴承的重要部件，其加工质量影响着滚柱轴承的品质。传统圆柱滚子加工方法主要有无心磨削、无心磨削和超精加工等。随着滚子材料的更新和加工质量提高，新型的加工方法应运而生。文章对圆柱滚子的加工方法进行分析和比较，指出高效率、高精度以及高适用性是滚子加工的技术发展趋势。     

东北三省外语院校英语专业复合型人才培养研究

复合型外语人才培养模式以专业为基础，使外语作为技能、工具与专业相结合，提高学生的英语应用能力和文化素养，这类复合型人才具有广泛的社会适应性，并将带来巨大的人才效应。基于对当今世界上学科融合发展趋势的认识和对就业市场调查的结果，提出东北三省英语专业复合型人才培养目标，探讨研究适应东北三省复合型英语专业人才培养的问题和复合型英语专业人才培养的定位，包括对传统领域的基础英语的语言教学和其他专业学科融合的教学之间的关系问题的研究。     

Ridge Regression: Degrees of Freedom in the Analysis of Variance

It appears to be common practice with ridge regression to obtain a decomposition of the total sum of squares, and assign degrees of freedom, according to established least squares theory. This discussion notes the obvious fallacies of such an approach, and introduces a decomposition based on orthogonality, and degrees of freedom based on expected mean squares, for non-stochastic k.     

英国扩大留学生规模背景下的质量问题及反思

20世纪80年代以来,英国政府将扩大留学生规模作为高等教育国际化发展的重要战略政策。通过对近20年来英国留学生人数、留学生入学标准、优质学位授予比例、生师比、教育生均经费等数据变化趋势的分析,提出在这一经济利益驱动留学生规模扩张的过程中,英国留学生质量要求和标准正在放宽。如何使学生增长速度与优质资源生长速度相匹配、如何在获取短期经济效益的同时寻求高等教育长期可持续性发展的途径,是需要思考和解决的问题。     

提高高校学报知名度争取进入国际检索系统

列举了影响高校学报进入国际著名检索系统的几个主要因素,并阐述了中文核心期刊对综合性普通高校学报的不利影响.提出了高校学报应结合本校教学科研优势,开办特色栏目,争取进入核心期刊;广辟稿源,公正审稿,评选优秀论文;缩短论文发表时滞,增设"研究快报";以读者为中心,扩大发行量,争取更大读者群等措施,扩大高校学报的影响力,提高知名度,争取进入国际著名检索系统.     

ROBUSTNESS OF PROCEDURES FOR THE BEHRENS-FISHER PROBLEMS: EXTENSION TO BIVARIATE NORMAL MIXTURES

In the applied sciences, it is often important to be able to compare the mean values of two populations. However, testing a hypothesis can be complex, if the two populations are heteroscedastic and exhibit non-normality in the data. This paper reviews currently available strategies for the multivariate Behrens-Fisher problem. It then carries out Monte Carlo comparisons of selected procedures to assess their robustness when applied to data from normal mixture distributions. The overall conclusion is that Johansen's procedure appears to work best for small sample data both in terms of empirical power and significance level. Johansen's procedure works reasonably well even with mixture data. The simulation also provides researchers with specific guidelines to follow at the early designing and planning stages of the investigation.     

摆动滚子从动件圆柱凸轮解析设计式的推导

本文较为全面系统地推导了摆动滚子从动件圆柱凸轮的廓线、压力角及廓线曲率半径方程,并讨论了该种凸轮机构在各种运转情况下与之相适用的方程。这些方程可用于凸轮廓线的计算机辅助设计。     

Measuring the complexity of generalized linear hierarchical models

Measuring a statistical model's complexity is important for model criticism and comparison. However, it is unclear how to do this for hierarchical models due to uncertainty about how to count the random effects. The authors develop a complexity measure for generalized linear hierarchical models based on linear model theory. They demonstrate the new measure for binomial and Poisson observables modeled using various hierarchical structures, including a longitudinal model and an areal‐data model having both spatial clustering and pure heterogeneity random effects. They compare their new measure to a Bayesian index of model complexity, the effective number p_D of parameters (Spiegelhalter, Best, Carlin & van der Linde 2002); the comparisons are made in the binomial and Poisson cases via simulation and two real data examples. The two measures are usually close, but differ markedly in some instances where p_D is arguably inappropriate. Finally, the authors show how the new measure can be used to approach the difficult task of specifying prior distributions for variance components, and in the process cast further doubt on the commonly‐used vague inverse gamma prior.