The practice of deliberative policy analysis in the context of political and cultural challenges: lessons from Thailand

ABSTRACT

This article draws upon insight from a study of those involved in introducing deliberative policy analysis in Thailand at the city scale and presents lessons for both policy practitioners and scholars. The design of each deliberative forum differed, depending on lessons learned from previous forums and the consensus that emerged as a result of deliberation amongst forum facilitators. The underlying principle of this kind of deliberative design is to make deliberative processes authentic, by avoiding coercion, inclusive, by engaging stakeholders who bring forth different ideas, and impactful. To make these forums more exciting, deliberative practices are often linked to other attractive discourses, such as those surrounding smart cities, creative spaces and inclusive development. The case of Thailand sheds light on emerging challenges involved in the practice of deliberative policy analysis in the context of both national political regimes that are not democracies and those in the East.     

京津冀协同发展背景下二语学习者语际语用能力提升策略研究

京津冀协同发展是近期华北地区的一个重要特点,这就意味着对科技人才的素质有了新的要求,对科技人才二语语际语用能力的要求也大大提高,而河北省大学生二语学习过程中的语际语用能力相对薄弱,缺乏竞争力;本文通过对在校大学生的语言策略培训,创造真实语言环境,改变传统课堂模式和教学内容,充分发挥学习者的潜力,提高语言应用能力和跨文化交际的能力,因而增强学习者的综合竞争力,以满足新的经济发展情况下对人才素质的要求。     

Note passing as gendered practices of public ambiguity in a hyper‐masculine organization

This article explores a surprising and seemingly mundane organizational practice: passing notes during professional meetings. Based on 34 in‐depth interviews with women in a hyper‐masculine organization — the Israeli military — this study focuses on what I term gendered practices of public ambiguity. It demonstrates how these practices shed light on three interrelated paths to power at work: (i) practices of public intimacy between men; (ii) practices of women's degradation by men; and (iii) practices of recognition claims by women. The tension between the publicity inherent in the routine passing of notes and the ambiguity of their contents calls for a more nuanced theorization of gendered power practices, which transcends the accepted dichotomy of doing and undoing gender, reproducing or challenging the symbolic gender order. The findings show that gendered micro‐practices can become polysemic symbolic spaces in which women redirect the flow of power, if only temporarily and locally, and turn it into a multidirectional and multi‐agentic resource. The conceptual contribution of these findings is discussed in terms of the positioning of women in hyper‐masculine environments as pragmatic subjects who (re‐)construct mechanisms of power out of the restricted repertoire available to them.     

请求策略理论研究简

“请求”属于一种常见的言语行为，而“请求策略”是语用学相对集中的研究领域，但是理论上的阐释往往不足。因此，本研究选择请求策略的相关理论为研究对象，在介绍请求定义及组成的基础上，论述了交际能力与语用能力、语言语用能力与社交语用能力、言语行为理论、面子理论、礼貌理论等内容，并且进一步探讨了相关理论在请求策略研究上的应用。     

企业家演讲中的隐喻论证

隐喻性表达不仅可以使演讲变得形象生动，而且有时候会产生很强的劝说功能。在概念隐喻理论与图尔敏论证模型的基础上，从隐喻论证和语用论辩的角度，对企业家（以马云为例）演讲中所存在的隐喻性表达进行分析，探讨隐喻论证中的“反驳”要素，以及隐喻论证的劝说机制。     

跨文化交际语用失误及其教学启示——基于语用负迁移的视角

文章在分析语用失误的内涵的基础上,对英语学习者在跨文化交际中基于语用负迁移而引起的语用失误进行了探讨,指出在英语教学过程中,要注意加强跨文化交际的意识、创造语用认知环境,使英语学习者能更得体地使用英语,从而提高英语学习者的语用能力使跨文化交际能够顺畅进行.     

以交际语境顺应视阈剖析语用失误

语用失误是异文化冲突的常见现象,也是导致跨文化交际故障的重要根源。语言顺应论从本质上揭示了语言使用的重要特征:动态的选择—顺应。以Verschueren的顺应理论下的交际语境顺应理论为指导,就跨文化交际过程中经常出现的语用失误的问题进行阐释,并提出成功的跨文化交际应该是交际双方彼此对对方交际语境的顺应。     

汉语中语用缓和策略的实证研究

文章以自发性开放式话语补全测试收集到的语料为基础,探讨了汉语中语用缓和策略的使用情况。通过比对不同类型的语用缓和策略,文章着力分析了汉语中语用缓和策略的具体实现形式所表现出的语用格局特征,并就语用缓和策略同言语行为的共现匹配性特点解释了语用缓和策略的语用理据所在。结果发现：第一,不同语用缓和策略实现形式之间并不享有等同的使用几率,但却表现出以指事型为主,行事型和成事型为辅的宏观格局。第二,不同类型的语用缓和策略表现出各异的言语行为匹配倾向性,这一方面交代了语用缓和策略多样性的理据所在,同时也揭示了不同语用缓和策略在语用化进程中的程度差异。     

“或者说”类有标选择复句的语义类型及语用机制考察

探讨了＂或者说＂类有标选择复句较为典型的六种语义类型,即＂等义近义＂型、＂概括→具体＂型、＂绝对→相对＂型、程度上的＂轻→重＂型、＂包含与被包含＂型、＂迂回曲折＂型。此外从哲学依据、认知依据以及语用策略这三个方面探讨＂或者说＂类有标选择复句的语用机制。从哲学的角度来看,＂同中有异,异中有同＂的规律制约着＂或者说＂类有标选择复句的使用;从认知角度来看,＂横看成岭侧成峰＂的认知规律也制约着它的使用。另外,＂或者说＂类有标选择复句的实际运用还受到＂求稳求准＂的语用策略的制约。     

中国英语学习者目的语拒绝策略的研究

拒绝言语行为是一种威胁面子的行为,拒绝策略的使用需要二语学习者掌握较高的交际能力。语用迁移存在于拒绝策略的使用频率上,还表现在与交际双方不同社会地位和社会距离相关的拒绝策略的使用偏好和直接程度上。在语言学习中,学习者要对目的语中使用较多的拒绝策略加以注意,还要对母语文化中拒绝的方式和策略进行有意识的了解。