金融结构对产业结构影响的时变特征研究——基于SUR和TVPSS模型的实证检验

金融结构与产业结构的关系一直是学术界的研究热点.文章利用中国1998—2017年的年度数据,构建似不相关回归模型从金融结构规模、效率及深化的角度分析金融结构对产业结构合理化和高级化的影响,建立时变参数状态空间模型描绘了金融结构对产业结构合理化和高级化的动态冲击.实证分析结果表明:金融结构规模提高产业结构合理化水平,促进了产业结构高级化;金融结构效率提高产业结构合理化水平,抑制了产业结构高级化;金融结构深化降低产业结构合理化水平,促进了产业结构高级化.金融结构规模、金融结构效率及金融结构深化对产业结构合理化和高级化的冲击均呈现出时变特征;金融结构对产业结构合理化的影响滞后于其对产业结构高级化的影响.金融结构对产业结构的冲击波幅呈现出前期波动大、后期较为平缓的状态,部分金融结构变量对产业结构的动态冲击呈现出"长尾"现象.当前的中国金融结构已经不适合当前的产业结构,需调整金融结构,以提升产业结构合理化水平和高级化水平.     

The role of leadership in shared value creation from the public’s perspective: A multi-continental study

Porter and Kramer’s concept of creating shared value (CSV) has been welcomed as an approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR) among corporations that also provides a practical opportunity for dialogue in public relations, but it has been little examined from the general population’s (i.e., the public’s) perspective. Such scrutiny is important because its findings enable public relations to contribute to the debate and development of CSV from both the public’s and the organization’s viewpoints. Additionally, if public relations professionals understand how the public perceives CSV, they can give a strategic perspective to top management for maximizing moral capabilities of the business and formulate effective communication to promote CSV initiatives. This study investigates whether the public prefers corporations to practice CSV as opposed to intrinsic CSR as a separate pursuit from business interests. It also explores the role of leadership as an influential and ethical construct in implementing effective CSV as perceived by the public. The public’s preference for CSV over intrinsic CSR was revealed in a survey of 1784 participants in the United States (US), Germany, and China. Factor analysis results further suggested that effective CSV competencies of CEOs were construed as a unidimensional concept in the US, but German and Chinese participants viewed it as two-dimensional. The public perceived that leaders’ moral character played a more important, core role in effective CSV than did altruistic and behavioral attributes, across nations. Network analysis of the perceived effective CSV-characteristics provides further implications for CSV communication.     

转型经济下民营企业家个体特质、情境对公司创业的驱动机制——基于QCA的探索性研究

在中国经济转型的大市场环境下,企业如何将公司创业的意愿成功付诸于创业行动,是学术界广泛讨论的话题。文章利用全国私营企业调查问卷表数据,以102家私营企业作为案例样本,通过模糊集定性比较分析(QCA)方法将企业家个体特质与情境两个层面整合,同时从这两个层面进一步细分,去探讨组态效应对公司创业的多重并发影响机制。经过数据分析可以获知,企业家的社群式身份是高公司创业活跃度的必要条件,且导致高公司创业活跃度有四条组态(路径)；导致非高公司创业活跃度的有一条组态(路径),两者之间存在非对称关系。     

Caring for the carers: Ensuring the provision of quality maternity care during a global pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting health systems worldwide. Maternity care providers must continue their core business in caring and supporting women, newborns and their families whilst also adapting to a rapidly changing health system environment. This article provides an overview of important considerations for supporting the emotional, mental and physical health needs of maternity care providers in the context of the unprecedented crisis that COVID-19 presents. Cooperation, planning ahead and adequate availability of PPE is critical. Thinking about the needs of maternity providers to prevent stress and burnout is essential. Emotional and psychological support needs to be available throughout the response. Prioritising food, rest and exercise are important. Healthcare workers are every country’s most valuable resource and maternity providers need to be supported to provide the best quality care they can to women and newborns in exceptionally trying circumstances.     

乡村振兴背景下乡村教师工作满意度研究 ——基于心理契约的视角

乡村教师队伍建设是乡村振兴战略的重要内容，工作满意度是乡村教师队伍稳定性的“晴雨表”。从心理契约视角出发，以工作满意度为工具研究乡村振兴背景下乡村教师队伍建设问题。基于对224名乡村教师的问卷调查数据，分析当前乡村教师工作满意度及心理契约达成水平。研究表明：当前乡村教师工作满意度居于中等水平；乡村教师心理契约总体达成水平较高，但存在结构失衡问题，其中教师责任达成水平高于学校责任达成；心理契约对乡村教师工作满意度有显著正向影响，心理契约学校责任对工作满意度的影响力大于心理契约教师责任。提出双向互动，构建良好心理契约；主动干预，强化心理契约引导；分类施策，满足教师差异需求；协同发展，均衡心理契约结构等建议。     

中国煤炭企业的产能过剩——程度测算、演变特征与影响因素

目前，中国煤炭企业产能过剩问题仍然严重，而准确衡量和判断煤炭企业产能过剩程度是科学化解产能过剩的前提。在传统产能利用率估计框架中，引入企业生产率异质性的影响，使用1998-2013年中国煤炭企业数据，对企业层面产能利用率进行测度，并检验其演变特征:2000年前，中国煤炭企业产能利用率逐年降低，2001-2008年呈现迅速上升趋势，随后产能利用率开始下降；煤炭企业产能利用率水平呈现显著的区域以及所有权差异，具有顺经济周期特性。进一步地，通过分析中国煤炭企业产能过剩的成因，发现:过度投资、政府补贴以及信贷扭曲是导致产能过剩的主要因素。因此，化解煤炭企业过剩产能，需要健全企业退出与转型机制、处理好政府与市场的关系，有效发挥市场资源配置作用。此外，要推动煤炭清洁高效的开发利用，形成安全高效清洁的煤炭供应保障体系。     

交易特性、社员身份与农业合作社合约选择

在威廉姆森交易成本理论的基础上，探讨交易特性对农业合作社与农户之间合约选择的影响，发现社员身份特征在其中发挥调节作用。研究结果表明，资产专用性、风险性和规模性对农业合作社与农户之间签订一体化程度不同的合约具有明显的影响，其中，专用性对合约一体化程度的影响是正向的；而风险性和规模性对双方签订一体化程度更高的合约影响是负向的。但和非社员相比，股东身份使资产专用性对双方签订一体化程度更高合约的正向影响作用变大；并使风险性、规模性对双方签订一体化程度更高合约的负向影响作用变小，即股东身份作为调节变量发挥了显著效应。     

Work-related factors associated with psychological distress among social workers

The current study assesses the association between several work-related factors and psychological distress among social workers (SWs) in Israel. The data were collected through structured questionnaires, administered to a sample of 494 SWs. The findings suggest that most of the examined work-related factors (namely, years of professional experience, personal work-related subjection to violence, burnout, compassion fatigue, and sense of coherence), with the exception of compassion satisfaction, significantly predicted psychological distress among SWs. The conclusion is that it is important to embed within the social work practice strategies for reducing sources of psychological distress (job demands) and increasing material, professional, and personal resources. Reducing the levels of psychological distress experienced by SWs will benefit not only themselves, but also their families and colleagues, as well as their clients. Moreover, this has potential benefits for the social work profession and for the general community.     

农村互助型社会养老:中国特色与发展路径

农村互助型社会养老是具有中国特色的社会养老的发展形式，是对农村传统家庭养老的重要补充。它扎根于农村传统的亲邻互助网络，其本质在于经济互助，表现为有组织地发动邻里、志愿等社会力量，充分利用以老年人为主的各类人力资源的闲置时间、资源低成本地相互帮助和服务。社会各界应将其作为重要实施方略，纳入积极应对人口老龄化战略和乡村振兴战略之中。其发展路径可以概括为：以资金互助为基础，以组织动员为抓手，以服务互助为重点，以社区居家养老为主要阵地，创新各类互助养老模式，着力形成稳定多元的资金来源，培育互助队伍，增加互助内容，从无偿到无偿、低偿相结合，探索建立标准规范的服务管理评估制度，机构养老与社区居家养老互联互通，最终尝试建立圈层化、整合化、网络化、制度化的农村互助型社会养老体系。     

习近平新时代观的理论生成探讨

理顺习近平关于“中国特色社会主义进入新时代”的逻辑理路，有助于系统论证“新时代”的科学性和理论性。从方法论上看，习近平新时代观是应用马克思主义立场观点和方法得出的正确结论。从理论归因看，中国社会主要矛盾的转化作为习近平新时代观生成的主要标志，源于马克思主义关于矛盾运动的基本理论。从理论定位看，习近平新时代观展现的是中国发展的特殊阶段，内含着中国对自身发展的时代定位与目标趋向，渗透着中国与世界在共同发展中的新阶段、新高度、新未来，是对中国发展方向的顶层设计。