权力机关撤销具体行政行为探析

从抽象行政行为和具体行政行为二者的关系及权力机关的职能诸方面看 ,权力机关撤销具体行政行为十分必要 ,撤销具体行政行为的原则方法必须适当     

行政诉讼类型界说

行政诉讼类型是依照一定标准对人民法院审理具体行政行为的活动进行归类而形成的诉讼形态。它具有内容的概括性、划分标准的多样性及与诉讼活动联系的密切性三个特征。它与刑事诉讼类型、民事诉讼类型、行政诉讼模式、行政诉讼请求、行政判决有一定的联系与区别，在本质上体现了对行政相对人的权利救济。     

商品的本质：社会使用价值与价值的统一

长期流行的商品使用价值是自然属性的观点是不对的，商品使用价值是经过交换满足他人需要的社会使用价值，具有社会属性。生产商品的具体劳动的间接社会性决定商品的社会使用价值。不仅商品价值是商品的本质，而且商品的社会使用价值也是商品的本质，商品的本质是社会使用价值和价值的统一。正确认识商品本质，有助于正确理解市场经济中的商品，从而正确继承和发展马克思的劳动价值理论。     

刺激迷走神经对家兔细胞免疫功能的影响

实验用健康青紫兰家兔，麻醉后暴露颈部左侧迷走神经，一组电刺激迷走神经；另一组耳静脉注射阿托品后１０ｍｉｎ再刺激迷走神经．于刺激前及刺激后不同时间采血．检测外周血中Ｔ细胞百分率和ＰＨＡ诱导的淋巴细胞转化率，结果表明：电刺激迷走神经能显著提高外围血中Ｔ细胞百分率和淋巴细胞转化率，而注射阿托品后，外周血Ｔ细胞百分率在刺激后４ｈ才有升高，而淋巴细胞转化率在４ｈ内无显著变化．提示：迷走神经兴奋后可显著增强机体的细胞免疫功能．而这一作用可能是通过Ｍ受体实现的．     

论缔约过失责任制度——兼评合同自由与合同正义

缔约过失责任制度的产生与发展是 19世纪下半叶尤其是 2 0世纪以来合同法走向现代化的重要标志之一。缔约过失责任制度的价值论基础 ,就在于诚实信用原则所体现的正义价值与合同自由原则所体现的自由价值构成相倚的两极 ,产生相互亲和的张力。加强对我国缔约过失责任制度的深入研究 ,评析其得失 ,有助于进一步完善我国缔约过失责任制度     

安乐死的立法思考

安乐死立法在我国现阶段会遇到很大的阻力 ,主要是 :首先 ,我国的经济发展极不平衡 ;其次 ,医疗技术和医务人员素质的低水平 ,导致了人们对医生诊断可信度的疑问 ;第三 ,对安乐死立法内容还缺乏科学的认识与把握。因此 ,应当用判例的形式解决当前社会中的安乐死案件 ,同时 ,在某些经济较发达地区制定颁布安乐死的地方性条例 ,待条件成熟时 ,再在全国推广     

英语成绩与焦虑特性的相关性研究

文章以南华大学外国语学院英语专业二年级 4 4名本科生为对象 ,用SPSS统计软件包分析研究了学生英语成绩及若干专业技能与焦虑特性的相关性。研究结果表明 :( 1)学生英语成绩与焦虑特性呈中度负相关 ;( 2 )在听写、听力、阅读、写作这四项单项能力方面 ,听写和听力是与焦虑特性相关性最高的两个 ,而完形填空、词汇与结构与焦虑特性不相关。     

运用青年成长的一般与特殊规律指导大学生管理工作

指导大学生管理工作的前提是先认识青年成长的一般规律:青年与社会的基本矛盾、理想自我与现实自我的冲突;成长经历的欲望,“主奴”、“看破红尘”、苦恼、实在阶段;浪费青春,受社会惩处等程度不一的成长代价付出的可能。在此基础上把握大学生群体的特殊表现、即特殊规律:几种特殊矛盾在现实与未来发展、基本素质与专业、独立与依赖、理论与实践之间表现突出;须经历适应大学生活、按理想目标发展自我,从学生生活向职业生活过渡的特殊阶段;围绕学习焦点的特殊性代价付出的可能。规律运用的关键在于;以人为本,加强沟通理解;强化成长意识、目标教育;创造良好的校园文化环境;重视成长代价教育、管理制度到位。     

A simulation study of methods for selecting subgroup‐specific doses in phase 1 trials

Patient heterogeneity may complicate dose‐finding in phase 1 clinical trials if the dose‐toxicity curves differ between subgroups. Conducting separate trials within subgroups may lead to infeasibly small sample sizes in subgroups having low prevalence. Alternatively,it is not obvious how to conduct a single trial while accounting for heterogeneity. To address this problem,we consider a generalization of the continual reassessment method on the basis of a hierarchical Bayesian dose‐toxicity model that borrows strength between subgroups under the assumption that the subgroups are exchangeable. We evaluate a design using this model that includes subgroup‐specific dose selection and safety rules. A simulation study is presented that includes comparison of this method to 3 alternative approaches,on the basis of nonhierarchical models,that make different types of assumptions about within‐subgroup dose‐toxicity curves. The simulations show that the hierarchical model‐based method is recommended in settings where the dose‐toxicity curves are exchangeable between subgroups. We present practical guidelines for application and provide computer programs for trial simulation and conduct.     

Who is a Distracted Driver? Associations between Mobile Phone Use while Driving,Domain‐Specific Risk Taking,and Personality

Mobile phone use while driving (MPUWD) is an increasingly common form of distracted driving. Given its widespread prevalence, it is important for researchers to identify factors that may predict who is more likely to engage in this risky behavior. The current study investigates associations between MPUWD risk behaviors, domain‐specific risk perceptions, and broad personality dimensions. An Italian community sample (n = 804) completed a survey regarding MPUWD risk perceptions and engagement in MPUWD, in addition to the HEXACO‐PI‐R, a broad six‐factor personality inventory (honesty‐humility, emotionality, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience), and the DOSPERT, a six‐factor domain‐specific self‐report risk‐taking measure (health/safety, recreational, social, ethical, gambling, and investment). With respect to domain‐specific risk taking, greater frequency of SMS use while driving most strongly was associated with greater risk taking for the health/safety, gambling, and ethical risk domains. Further, greater honesty‐humility and conscientiousness, two traits related to cognitive control and risk behaviors, and to a lesser extent openness to experience, were associated with less frequent MPUWD, and positively associated with MPUWD risk perceptions. With growing public safety concern surrounding MPUWD, understanding associated personality factors is not only important for identifying psychological mechanisms underlying risk behavior, but also for more effective prevention and intervention programs.