新乡贤重塑乡规民约:历史承继、时代价值及实现路径

当前乡村治理中乡规民约面临德治退化、自治弱化及法治虚化等现实困境。新乡贤作为乡村社会精英群体,在增强乡规民约的现代性、厚植乡规民约的乡土性及强化乡规民约的权威性等方面具有显著的时代价值,是重塑乡规民约的有益主体选择。实现新乡贤在重塑乡规民约中的时代价值,需要强化乡贤文化的敦风化俗功能、构建乡贤群体的风险防范机制及发挥乡贤组织的协商共治作用。     

关于民族乡的几个问题

我国少数民族杂散居地区包括少数民族杂居地区和少数民族散居地区。民族乡是根据宪法和其他法律规定在少数民族杂居地区建立的乡一级基层行政区域。无论是从民族乡产生的社会历史背景、过程以及所依据的理论看,还是从几十年来民族乡的实践看,民族乡都与一般乡有很大的区别,体现出自治的性质。属民族区域自治性质的乡级基层政权,是我国民族区域自治制度的补充。为此,本文建议在宪法和其他法律中明确规定民族乡的这一性质和地位,以利于做好民族乡的工作,保障杂居地区少数民族的平等权利。     

加强医院青年文化建设初探——以广西医科大学第一附属医院为例

如何加强医院青年文化建设,引导青年成才,促进青年在医疗事业中发挥更重要的作用,已经成为医院发展面临的一项新课题。针对医院青年文化建设存在的引导方式陈旧、活动组织困难、活动同质化等问题,应坚持先进文化的前进方向,用社会主义核心价值观引领青年文化建设;加大投入,加强激励,贴近实际,加强文化阵地建设,活跃青年文化生活;加强引领与品牌管理,构建特色品牌文化体系;强化医学人文精神,倡导职业文明。     

浅谈洁净手术部在医院基建工程中的特殊需求

随着现代医学的发展,洁净手术部成为各手术学科建设与发展的重要前提与支柱,对原有手术室功能进行改造势在必行。为了实现医院洁净手术部向信息化、智能化、集约化发展,从洁净手术部的选址、功能等方面介绍了当前省内部分二级以上医疗单位洁净手术室建设的新进展,总结近年来在洁净手术室规划、建设过程中的经验,为现代医院基建工程管理提供借鉴,保障医院医疗、教学、科研工作的顺利开展。     

Danish and Norwegian hospital social workers’ cross-institutional work amidst inter-sectoral restructuring of health and social welfare

Starting in the 2000s, Denmark and Norway have undergone extensive restructuring of their health-related social benefit programmes, including how they are governed. Several reforms have sought to enhance inter-sectoral collaboration. Aiming at ensuring patients’ faster return to work, policy-makers have instituted economic incentives to both individuals and the health and welfare organisations who handle them. Through an institutional logics approach, this paper explores how hospital social workers in these countries are experiencing these changes. The ‘social’ part of post-treatment care and rehabilitation receives more attention in the Norwegian institutional set-up than in the Danish, and whilst challenges are experienced in both countries, in group interviews Danish social workers in particular express concerns about the implications of the accelerated return-to-work focus. In both countries, they report increasing difficulties in ‘making their way through’ the state-municipal bureaucracy. However, by drawing on the formal health knowledge derived from medical settings and the symbolic capital it bestows on them, they often manage to negotiate the work-and-welfare services, thereby transforming the social context for the patients.     

Material logistics in hospitals: A literature review

Hospital material management has been identified as one key cost containment lever to cope with steadily increasing healthcare costs in industrialized countries. The purpose of this work is to present the state-of-the-art of research on material logistics management in hospitals. Particular focus is given to articles that apply quantitative methods. Our contribution is threefold: First, we provide research guidance through categorizing literature and identifying major research streams. Second, we discuss applied methodologies and third, we identify future research directions. A systematic approach is undertaken in order to identify the relevant literature from 1998 to 2014. Applicable publications are categorized thematically and methodologically and future research opportunities are worked out. In total, 145 publications are identified and discussed in this work. The literature is categorized into four streams, i.e., (1) Supply and procurement, (2) Inventory management, (3) Distribution and scheduling, and (4) Holistic supply chain management. The use of optimization techniques is constantly gaining importance. The number of respective publications has continually grown and has peaked over the last three years. Optimization has been successfully applied in research streams (1), (2), and (3). Category (4) comprises a rather qualitative research field of literature dealing with supply chain management issues.     

Alarmed: sensory approaches to improving medical alarm systems

Medical alarms sound incessantly, loudly, and dissonantly, contributing to an already noisy ICU and OR soundscape, and ultimately harming both patients and staff. Sometimes triggered in error, the sheer number of alarms distracts health care professionals and results in sensory overload that contributes to hospital staff’s alarm fatigue. In turn, staff become increasingly likely to ignore alarms instead of acting on them. Furthermore, the patients’ sensitivity to alarms disturbs their hospital stay, raises their stress levels, and impedes their recovery process, with sometimes lasting effects. This article considers the sensory effects of hospital alarms and possibilities for redesigning future alarm systems, with the goal of eventually creating a more calming, less stressful, and safer hospital soundscape environment for all.     

苏南乡镇民营产业集聚水平测度及其经济增长贡献度分析

苏南乡镇民营产业集群是在原有乡镇企业的基础上不断壮大和发展起来的,由于整体实力较强,发展快速,对乡镇经济发展的推动作用尤为显著。文章对苏南乡镇民营产业集群的集聚水平进行了测度,并从产业集聚对经济增长的拉动作用、乡镇民营产业集群的经济效益和乡镇民营产业集群投入要素贡献率等几个方面对苏南产业聚集对经济增长的贡献进行了分析,得到了一些有益的结果和结论。从而对本区域乃至全国同类地区产业集群的进一步发展有一定的借鉴作用。     

我国公立医院补偿机制转化的系统动力学分析

取消药品加成,改革以药补医机制是公立医院补偿机制改革的核心内容。文章运用系统动力学方法,通过因果关系分析明确取消药品加成后,财政补偿和医疗补偿的补偿方式和补偿依据,以及补偿不足、药品路径存在漏洞时可能会对公立医院产生的影响,最后给出结论与启示。     

民营医院集团化治理的实践与体会

治理结构的不稳定?不科学是造成民营医院集团管理不利的最根本原因?文章以江苏华世伟业集团为研究对象,对其集团化发展模式进行了实证分析?江苏华世伟业集团在构建出所有权?经营权?监督权三权分立治理结构的基础上,进一步完善集团层面的集约化管理模式和医院层面的无形资产构建,对民营医疗集团制定发展模式具有普遍参考意义?