改革薪酬制度 激活人力资源 提高企业竞争能力

针对有色企业现行岗位技能工资分配存在的激励不足,采取灵活多样的分配形式,通过岗位(职位)评价,突出岗位价值并按业绩定酬;引入市场工资机制,推行协议工资制;鼓励科技人员在企、事业间兼职,获取相应报酬;树立人力资本及技术成果等生产要素参与企业利润分配新观念,稳定和吸引人才,激活人力资源,提高企业的竞争能力.     

Unemployment and men's entrance into female-dominated jobs

Despite the contraction of many male-dominated occupations, men have made limited progress in entering female-dominated jobs. Using monthly employment histories from the SIPP, we examine whether individual economic conditions—such as a period of unemployment—are associated with men subsequently pursuing female-dominated work. Specifically, we ask whether men are more likely to enter female-dominated jobs after unemployment, compared to men who take a new job directly from employment. We find that unemployment significantly increases the odds of men entering female-dominated work among men who make job transitions. By examining changes in occupational prestige as well as wage differences before and after unemployment, we also find that entering a female-dominated job (compared to other job types) may help men mitigate common scarring effects of unemployment such as wage losses and occupational prestige downgrades. Accordingly, this study reveals a critical occupational route that may allow men to remain upwardly mobile after involuntary unemployment.     

工资、薪金个税扣缴及年终奖计税公式缺陷的思考

代扣代缴工资、薪金个人所得税是单位会计工作的一项重要工作任务,事涉国家、集体、个人多方利益,工作敏感度高,因此做好此项工作,对维护国家利益,凝聚人心,建立和谐社会有其特殊意义.在实践中除了要对许多特殊情况和例外事项作出分析判断并恰当处理外,特别是针对现行年终奖、年终加薪、劳动分红计税公式存在的缺陷,提出了较为中肯的改进建议.     

Efficiency Wages,Productivity and Simultaneity: A Meta-Regression Analysis

This study reports a meta-analysis of 75 estimates of the efficiency-wage effect. It reveals a strong efficiency-wage effect that depends upon whether researchers control for potential simultaneity between wages and productivity. Studies that control for simultaneity tend to report stronger effects. Clear evidence of publication selection is also found. E24, J30.

Declining inter-industry wage dispersion in the US

Industrial effects have long been significant factors in wage inequality. Previous research indicates that wage differentials across industries were increasing through the mid 1980s. Using more recent data, however, we find that the level of inter-industry wage dispersion declined by 36% from 1986 to 2002 despite the continued trend towards increasing inequality in the labor force. This decline in inter-industry wage dispersion is evident across gender and educational groups. Using multilevel growth curve models, our multivariate results indicate that the decline is only weakly related to industrial changes in education, occupation or even productivity despite the fact that the latter variable had been a critical factor in the prior period. Indicators of globalization and downsizing also do not appear to explain this decline. For the more recent period, the most important factors associated with the narrowing of inter-industry wage dispersion are reduced unionization rates and the higher proportion of casual workers. We interpret these results as suggesting that firms may now be less economically obliged to pass on a portion of their rents to broad groups of workers and may instead be engaged in more idiosyncratic processes of negotiation with individual workers based on micro-level sources of bargaining power.     

东中西部地区农村居民收入比较研究

对我国东中西部地区农村居民人均纯收入总量及来源结构进行分析后发现,1999年中央实施西部大开发战略以来,东中西部地区之间的差距不仅没有缩小,反而呈扩大之势。从战略的高度讲,缩小区域农村之间差距主要应采取如下一些对策:以财政投资为主,着力普及农村十二年义务教育,重点发展农村职业技术教育;以“丰”字型的城市经济发展战略为轴心,加快农村剩余劳动力向城市转移的步伐;以中央财政为主,有计划分步骤地在中西部地区建立社会保障制度;以农业产业化为龙头,加快中西部地区非农产业发展;以增加农民收入为切入点,深化中西部地区农村税费改革;以统筹城乡发展为基调,走城乡协调发展的道路。     

“二倍工资”法律条款适用问题分析

＂二倍工资＂的相关法律条款是我国劳动合同法领域首创的法律制度,这一系列条款充分表明了我国始终坚持对劳动合同书面形式的强制,也体现出最大限度保护劳动者合法权益的立法目的。从2008年《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》出台实施至今,＂二倍工资＂的法律条款从未经过修改,对于它的争议也从未停止,各地区对于它的适用问题也存在很大分歧。为了使＂二倍工资＂的法律条款得到更好的实行,使这些存在分歧的问题能在日后出台的相关规范性文件中得以明确,就要从相关条款的法律性质、支付标准和时间节点等方面就＂二倍工资＂的适用问题进行分析,这样才能解决司法实践中适用标准不统一的问题,才能使这一系列有明确立法目的的法律条款得到更有效的实施,从而更好地保护广大劳动者的合法权益。     

The relationship between employer‐provided training and the retention of older workers: Evidence from Germany

A substantial portion of Germany's workforce will soon retire, making it difficult for businesses to meet their human capital needs; training older workers may help to manage this demographic transition. The authors therefore examine the relationships between employer‐provided training programmes, wages and retirement among older workers. They find that when establishments offer special training programmes targeted at these workers, women – especially low‐paid women – are less likely to retire, possibly because of consequent wage growth. Their results suggest that such targeted training can indeed play an important role in retaining low‐wage older women and advancing their careers.