江泽民关于选拔和培养优秀中青年干部的辩证思想

江泽民同志于 2 0 0 0年 6月在全国党校工作会议上的讲话 ,充满了实事求是的精神和深刻的辩证思维风格 ,体现了鲜明的时代特色。他对新时期干部德才基本要求所作出的新的规定 ,是对马克思主义人才理论的极大丰富。他提出的“重发现同时重培养”的原则、“使用、培养同一论”以及“德才具体说”、“辩证的台阶、资历观”等 ,是对传统的人才理论的突破和对马克思主义人才学说的丰富和发展     

Implementation in generic environments

In this paper, we study implementation in “economic environments”. It is shown that there is a dense subset of the set of preference profiles such that given an arbitrary social choice function, f, and ε>0, there exists another social choice function, f _ε, within ε of f uniformly and implementable in Nash equilibrium on the dense subset.     

用于分散电压控制的规则库法

电力系统正常运行时,无功/电压控制目的是安全经济供电.而在紧急情况下,首要目标是运行的安全性,其次才是经济性.本文提出的局部网概念及其灵敏度矩阵,以及对电压违限严重性的分级和控制战略,使控制更为快速有效.此法更适用于当事故引起全系统运行数据不全时对局部网的电压控制.     

农产品贸易对农业碳排放的影响——兼议数字乡村发展的门槛效应

基于1999—2019年中国省际面板数据,运用普通面板模型、空间面板模型与面板门槛模型实证分析了农产品贸易对农业碳排放的影响及其空间溢出效应与数字乡村发展门槛效应。研究发现：（1）农产品贸易对农业碳排放具有显著的抑制作用,并且相较于东部地区、粮食主产区以及贸易顺差区间,这种抑制作用在中西部地区、非粮食主产区以及贸易逆差区间更为显著; （2）在三种空间权重矩阵设定下,农产品贸易对本地区和“毗邻地区”农业碳排放均具有显著抑制作用,存在空间溢出效应,且相较于农产品出口贸易,农产品进口贸易抑制农业碳排放的空间溢出效应更为显著;（3）农产品贸易影响农业碳排放的过程中存在数字乡村发展双重门槛,即随着跨越数字乡村发展两道“门槛”,农产品贸易对农业碳排放的抑制作用呈现出边际递增的特征。由此,提出推动农产品贸易深度开放、构建农产品贸易交流协调机制以及增强数字乡村建设力度等政策建议。     

Welfare inequalities and Rawlsian axiomatics

This paper is concerned with ordinal comparisons of welfare inequality and its use in social welfare judgements, especially in the context of Rawls' difference principle. In Section 1 the concept of ordinal inequality comparisons is developed and a theorem on ordinal comparisons of welfare inequality for distributional problems is noted. Section 2 is devoted to Harsanyi's (1955) argument that a concern for reducing welfare inequalities among persons must not enter social welfare judgements. In Section 3 an axiomatic derivation of Rawls' lexicographic maximim rule is presented; this relates closely to results established by Hammond (1975), d'Aspremont and Gevers (1975) and Strasnick (1975). In the last section the axioms used are examined and some alternative axioms are analysed with the aim of a discriminating evaluation of the Rawlsian approach to judgements on social welfare.Based on the text of a lecture delivered at the International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science in London, Ontario, Canada, on August 29th, 1975. Thanks are due to Peter Hammond and Kevin Roberts for helpful comments and criticisms.     

基于iCARE理论的《大学英语》课程定位研究与教改实践

《大学英语》是高校一门重要的公共基础课,厘清课程性质是推进教学改革的基础。在梳理不同时期《大学英语》教学大纲有关规定,借鉴国外高校现代语言课程定位基础上,提出《大学英语》课程定位是EGP,提高"交互密度"是保证学习效率和效果的关键。河北科技大学在多年教改实践基础上,创建了iCARE教学理论,并从六个方面推进《大学英语》课程改革,形成具有校本特色的《大学英语》教学模式,取得良好教改成效。     

Accounting for Uncertainty in Heteroscedasticity in Nonlinear Regression

Toxicologists and pharmacologists often describe toxicity of a chemical using parameters of a nonlinear regression model. Thus estimation of parameters of a nonlinear regression model is an important problem. The estimates of the parameters and their uncertainty estimates depend upon the underlying error variance structure in the model. Typically, a priori the researcher would not know if the error variances are homoscedastic (i.e., constant across dose) or if they are heteroscedastic (i.e., the variance is a function of dose). Motivated by this concern, in this paper we introduce an estimation procedure based on preliminary test which selects an appropriate estimation procedure accounting for the underlying error variance structure. Since outliers and influential observations are common in toxicological data, the proposed methodology uses M-estimators. The asymptotic properties of the preliminary test estimator are investigated; in particular its asymptotic covariance matrix is derived. The performance of the proposed estimator is compared with several standard estimators using simulation studies. The proposed methodology is also illustrated using a data set obtained from the National Toxicology Program.     

Schematic saturated orthogonal arrays obtained by using the contractive replacement method

This paper presents a general method of constructing schematic saturated orthogonal arrays of strength two. We consider a class of mixed saturated orthogonal arrays produced from saturated symmetric orthogonal arrays by using the contractive replacement method, study the Hamming distances of the rows, construct their association schemes, and prove that they are schematic. Some examples are given to illustrate this construction method.     

DECISION TIME,CONSIDERATION TIME,AND STATUS QUO BIAS

Economists increasingly appreciate the value of studying the time taken to make decisions in order to provide insights into decision makers' choices. This article shows that studying how time is allocated among individual options is also valuable in helping researchers to understand the impact default options have on decision makers' attention allocation, as approximated by how the time is allocated. The study of this impact generates new insights into the well‐known choice phenomenon of status quo bias, which typically refers to decision makers' tendency to stick to a default option. By designing a series of novel experiments, I find that this bias arises even when the choice is among prizes of fixed monetary value expressed in arithmetic form. I also find asymmetric attention (i.e., more time devoted to default options) and strikingly asymmetric choice errors; specifically, decision makers fail to select an alternative better than the default 28% of the time, while they incorrectly select an alternative worse than the default only 11% of the time; and provide evidence supporting a causal relationship between asymmetric attention and asymmetric errors. (JEL D03, D12, D83)     

Lagrange multiplier unit root test in the presence of a break in the innovation variance

We show that the Lagrange multiplier (LM) unit root test exhibits size distortions when a break in the innovation variance exists but is ignored. We develop a modified LM unit root test that is based on a generalized least-squares transformation of the original series. The asymptotic null distribution of the new modified LM unit root test is derived. Finite-sample simulation evidence shows that the modified LM unit root test maintains its size and has reasonable power against the trend stationary alternative.