局部平稳部分线性面板数据模型的统计推断

部分线性模型是一类非常重要的半参数回归模型,由于它既含有参数部分又含有非参数部分,与常规的线性模型相比具有更强的适应性和解释能力。文章研究带有局部平稳协变量的固定效应部分线性面板数据模型的统计推断。首先提出一个两阶段估计方法得到模型中未知参数和非参数函数的估计,并证明估计量的渐近性质,然后运用不变原理构造出非参数函数的一致置信带,最后通过数值模拟研究和实例分析验证了该方法的有效性。     

Vocational Status,Hukou and Housing Migrants in the New Century: Evidence from a Multi-city Study of Housing Inequality

In the 1960s and 1970s, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union experienced an unanticipated stagnation in the process of mortality reduction that was accelerating in the west. This was followed by even starker fluctuations and overall declines in life expectancy during the 1980s and 1990s. We identify statistically the extent to which, since the 1990s, the countries of the post-communist region have converged as a group towards other regional or cross-regional geopolitical blocks, or whether there are now multiple steady-states (‘convergence clubs’) emerging among these countries. We apply a complex convergence club methodology, including a recursive analysis, to data on 30 OECD countries (including 11 post-communist countries) drawn from the Human Mortality Database and spanning the period 1959–2010. We find that, rather than converging uniformly on western life expectancy levels, the post-communist countries have diverged into multiple clubs, with the lowest seemingly stuck in low-level equilibria, while the best performers (e.g. Czech Republic) show signs of catching-up with the leading OECD countries. As the post-communist period has progressed, the group of transition countries themselves has become more heterogeneous and it is noticeable that distinctive gender and age patterns have emerged. We are the first to employ an empirical convergence club methodology to help understand the complex long-run patterns of life expectancy within the post-communist region, one of very few papers to situate such an analysis in the context of the OECD countries, and one of relatively few to interpret the dynamics over the long-term.     

Multiple event times in the presence of informative censoring: modeling and analysis by copulas

Motivated by a breast cancer research program, this paper is concerned with the joint survivor function of multiple event times when their observations are subject to informative censoring caused by a terminating event. We formulate the correlation of the multiple event times together with the time to the terminating event by an Archimedean copula to account for the informative censoring. Adapting the widely used two-stage procedure under a copula model, we propose an easy-to-implement pseudo-likelihood based procedure for estimating the model parameters. The approach yields a new estimator for the marginal distribution of a single event time with semicompeting-risks data. We conduct both asymptotics and simulation studies to examine the proposed approach in consistency, efficiency, and robustness. Data from the breast cancer program are employed to illustrate this research.

     

理智与情感:为历史“正名”的方法——从刘保昌长篇小说《楚武王》谈起

历史书写中的“最炫流行风”在今天的文化市场上大行其道——用拆解、谐谑、碎片化、戏拟等方式拉平历史的深度,以“傲慢与偏见”来充抵叙述历史的自信,也经由这种时尚化的叙述使历史以“轻松一刻”的形式实现消费欲望的满足.刘保昌的《楚武王》则疏离“流行前线”,以史料为据,正本清源,守正而出新,为历史“正名”,以彰显历史意识、历史理性的写作姿态,以坚持文学之理想力量的叙事激情,以有文化承担的叙事态度显示出对当代历史小说叙事品格与尊严的坚守.     

A modified common factor model for modelling mortality jointly for both sexes

Journal of Population Research - There is an increasing attention on the joint modelling of multiple populations. Populations are related in several ways, such as neighbouring countries, females...     

基本养老服务制度建设的理论阐释和政策框架

随着人口老龄化程度的加深,养老服务已经成为政府和全社会关注的重大民生工程。其中,基本养老服务制度建设成为一个关键议题。文章认为,如果这一关键议题不搞清楚,势必会影响养老服务的路径选择,甚至影响所选择的养老服务的发展路线和发展道路是否顺畅。为此,文章结合已经出台的养老服务政策,首先,从社会政策理论的角度阐明在什么情况下要建立基本养老制度,以及社会福利体制与基本养老服务制度建设的关系;其次,对养老服务制度建设的意识形态理据和中国养老服务模型的选择进行阐述,据此提出混合经济的养老服务模型,认为必须建立基本养老制度,厘清政府与市场之间的关系和界限;再次,提出基本养老服务制度的政策框架。     

1950年代:“本质—特征论”文学定义的形成及影响

1950年代形成了"本质—特征论"的文学定义,即先界定文学的意识形态本质,再界定文学是用形象的方式来反映社会生活、体现意识形态的特征。这一定义的思维方式是先界定事物的普遍性,再界定事物的特殊性,突出事物的普遍性关联,轻视事物的独特性质的揭示,使得文学研究本应着重研究文学的特殊性成为空话,不利于认识文学自身的规律。1980年代的文学审美论试图突破这种定义方式,但1990年代以来,反本质主义的文学语境论再次回到从事物的关联性定义事物的思维老路,文学自身本质问题受到质疑,弱化了文学与审美关联的重要性与必要性。     

新中国成立初期马克思主义在新疆地区的传播(1949—1955年）

新中国成立初期,马克思主义在新疆地区的传播,历经了从边缘走向中心、从隐蔽走向公开,进而发展为常态化的历史过程。这一过程,蕴涵着马克思主义理论的内在诉求,是中国共产党执政的在场体现,也深度契合了新疆地区各族人民的迫切需求。面对传播过程中出现的话语、文本和媒介等现实问题,党和政府通过加强党组织建设以建构话语路径、翻译出版经典著作以建构文本路径、完善本土大众传媒以建构媒介路径等来化解问题,从而为新疆维吾尔自治区成立奠定了思想与理论基础,强化了中国共产党在新疆地区的组织建设,也推进了本土传播媒介的发展与提升,更为马克思主义在民族地区传播的理论探究提供了现实参考。     

医疗需求与中国医疗费用增长——基于城乡老年医疗支出差异的视角

在人口老龄化和老年医疗支出城乡差异凸显的背景下,中国医疗费用增长部分源于合理的健康需求。利用中国营养与健康调查1991—2011年的八轮数据,构造出生组跟踪样本,分别考察城乡居民医疗支出的年龄效应,估算城乡老年医疗需求导致的费用上涨,可以发现:城市居民的人均医疗支出随年龄显著增加,但农村居民的人均医疗支出随年龄增长的趋势并不明显。而忽略出生组效应,会低估城乡老年医疗支出的差距。城乡老年医疗支出差距缩小,将导致医疗费用在2010—2030年年均实际增长约5.2%。在控制医疗总费用上涨的同时,医疗保险制度需根据老年医疗需求,调整医疗资源配置结构。     

Environmental Justice in the Context of Scientifi Uncertainty: On the Safety of Genetically Modifi Organisms

应对风险特别是科学不确定性所导致的风险，实现和维护环境正义是当今时代的 一个前沿核心议题。转基因生物安全为代表的科学不确定性背景下的环境正义，需要 建立在相应的科学研究基础之上，但在本质上乃是一种社会构建。对转基因生物技术 及其产品等现代科技的研发、应用和推广等活动，应当维护其市场自由，与此同时， 为了公共安全以及社会弱势群体的最大利益，还应当对相关科技活动进行必要的政府 干预和法律规制。