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Rasinaho M Hirvensalo M Leinonen R Lintunen T Rantanen T 《Journal of aging and physical activity》2007,15(1):90-102
The purpose of this study was to investigate what older adults with severe, moderate, or no mobility limitation consider motives for and barriers to engaging in physical exercise. Community-dwelling adults (N=645) age 75-81 years completed a questionnaire about their motives for and barriers to physical exercise and answered interview questions on mobility limitation. Those with severely limited mobility more often reported poor health, fear and negative experiences, lack of company, and an unsuitable environment as barriers to exercise than did those with no mobility limitation. They also accentuated disease management as a motive for exercise, whereas those with no or moderate mobility limitation emphasized health promotion and positive experiences related to exercise. Information about differences in motives for and barriers to exercise among people with and without mobility limitation helps tailor support systems that support engagement in physical activity among older adults. 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper was to discuss physical activity and sports participation in a life-course framework, long-term
tracking, determinants, and correlates of physical activity from childhood to old age, and present possible causal links and
pathways for the continuity of physical activity. It seems that intensive participation in general in physical activity and
sports, as well as participation at school age, are important predictors of adulthood participation. Especially, inactivity
rather than activity tends to track from youth to adulthood. Socioeconomic status, place of residence, and personal upward
social mobility are related to participation. If physical activity is at a low level in early adulthood, it does not easily
become a part of life later on, particularly among blue-collar workers, women, and people with initially poor perceived health.
Furthermore, in old age, earlier physical activity seems to be the key determinant along with gender. Repeated social reinforcement
in the form of support for autonomy, competence, and relatedness is important especially in transition periods and life events
such as secondary schooling, change in employment, and change in family structure. In contrast, retirement presented itself
as a good chance of starting new leisure time activities. A life-course approach provides understanding on long-ranging developmental
trajectories. According to these results in particular, the polarization of exercise to the active and inactive portions of
the population is accumulated over time, and gender and social background features require special attention. 相似文献
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This paper examines the venture concept as a means of stimulating new product development within large companies. The literature reveals a significant difference between the venture idea as originally conceived in North America and as applied in European companies. A case study of a UK venture experiment is then presented which clearly demonstrates the resistance to substantive change which may characterise large organisations. 相似文献
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