Finding the niche to reposition leadership in Africa’s developing economies for the global highway: review of literature on leadership development programmes – methods and techniques*

Africa’s developing economies remain in critical need for leadership. This paper asserts that Africa’s new growth opportunities rest with leadership that could champion organizational performance, innovativeness, and good ethics among others. A review of extant literature on leadership development programmes (LDPs) was done to examine possible initiatives that leadership developers can use to influence leadership practices in Africa. This paper proposes that in Africa, LDPs can be used to inculcate authentic leadership practices and enhance networking and acquisition of innovative skills among others. Furthermore, LDPs could target the youth considering them as an investment into tomorrow’s leadership talent pool. The paper suggests that Africa’s niche for the global highway rests in contextualization of LDPs from other regions to Africa’s unique environment.     

The ‘right time’ – negotiating the timing of interviews with vulnerable young people

Participant retention is a key factor in determining the success of longitudinal research. Challenges in re-locating and retaining participants over the long term are major issues for researchers working with young people who face adversity and experience frequent changes in circumstances. This article reports on a study of vulnerable young people and their transition into adulthood. Rather than the more conventional schedule-based approach to locating and re-interviewing young people, a relational process, the ‘right time’ framework, was used to facilitate young people's involvement in the study. Embedded in the ‘right time’ framework is recognition of the diverse and fluctuating circumstances that shape young people's availability for interviews. Several case examples are considered which amplify the way that the ‘right time’ framework allowed the research to navigate around these circumstances. The case examples highlight the value young people attached to being involved in the research, the influence on the ‘right time’ of wider relational tensions for young people and the need to negotiate researcher status as a different sort of adult. The ‘right time’ framework contributed to a high retention rate in the study generating a more representative sample and enhancing the subsequent data analysis by providing valuable insights into the lives of these vulnerable young people.     

基于评价理论的APEC领导人宣言分析

2005年到2014年的APEC领导人宣言中的评价资源以借言为主，正面评价突出，其中鉴赏资源丰富，语势较强，立场分明。这些既体现出对话的和谐，又表明了领导人的决心和信心。2014年的领导人宣言的特点是亚太国家成果众多且认可度更高，特别鼓励区域内，以及政府与私营企业的战略性合作。     

Migrant women’s economic success in Russia: objective reality and subjective assessment

This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the outcomes of labour migration by focusing on the effects of migrant legal status on the economic and perceptual measures of migration success. To study the effects of legal status, we use a sample of Central Asian migrant women who work in Russia and of their native counterparts who occupy the same positions on the labour market. Similar to the studies in the developed settings, we find that a temporary legal status is associated with an earnings penalty and that permanent legal status corrects this earning disparity. We also find that both temporary and permanent migrant status is positively associated with perceptions of pay inequality but that, irrespective of these perceptions, both types of migrants are more likely to be satisfied with their jobs than natives. We interpret these findings within the legal and social context of migrant economic incorporation in Russia and relate them to the findings from other migrant-receiving settings.     

Heteroscedastic Global Tests that the Regression Parameters for Two or More Independent Groups are Identical

Simulation results are reported on methods that allow both within group and between group heteroscedasticity when testing the hypothesis that independent groups have identical regression parameters. The methods are based on a combination of extant techniques, but their finite-sample properties have not been studied. Included are results on the impact of removing all leverage points or just bad leverage points. The method used to identify leverage points can be important and can improve control over the Type I error probability. Results are illustrated using data from the Well Elderly II study.     

《沧浪诗话》与明代格调论

南宋严羽的《沧浪诗话》在以下几个方面影响了明清时期的格调理论 :1 追求“自然浑成”的诗歌审美理想 ;2 注意辨识诗歌体制、风格特点 ;3 高度重视诗歌的方法、技巧 ;4 强调灵感的作用     

创业教育探究

创业教育是未来主导性教育体制与教育形态之一 ,它植根于创业概念、创业现象、创业学、创业大赛、创业者的研究之中。创业教育走过了一条从无到有 ,从精英到平民的道路。创业教育的兴起是国际政治、经济、文化、教育、价值竞争的结果     

被消解了的英雄主义

2 0世纪 80年代以后 ,中国文学经历了先锋文学、新写实主义、新现实主义冲击波、民间化等历程 ,在这一历程中 ,英雄主义被有力地消解了 ,但正是这种消解 ,才有文学精神的愤激和呐喊 ,重塑英雄主义才有可能。     

爱的憧憬与“好色”情调——由川端康成孤儿的情感说起

少女光洁的肌肤、纯洁的心灵和母性的温情是孤儿川端的“救世主”,在感官与纯洁、母性与少女之间川端作品中出现了美女与佛的结合,进而形成了其文学中感官因圣洁而得到净化的“好色”情调。因此,从内在的形成原因来看,川端文学的“好色”情调是其诗化了的孤儿的缺失体验。     

“泰山石敢当”原为“泰巖堂”或“泰巖皇”——“泰山皇玺”考识

“泰山石敢当”词义难解,“石敢当”之人于古史无征。通过“泰山皇玺”的考证,得知“泰山石敢当”实为“泰巖 當”误写讹传,而“當”字应释为“堂”或“皇”,因而“泰山石敢当”原为“泰巖堂”或“泰巖皇”。“泰巖堂”即“泰山明堂”, “泰巖皇”即“泰山皇”。“泰巖堂”石碑,为古时“镇堂神石”,“泰巖皇”为原始“泰山神”。“泰山神”原应为“神龙禹皇”。