政府减排目标、产业结构与污染减排

政府是污染减排的重要主体,了解其行为对污染减排的作用对提升污染减排效果及实现中国绿色发展具有重要意义。创造性地将政府减排目标纳入研究框架,构建面板门槛模型,从工业污染排放总量的角度分析政府减排目标、产业结构、经济规模等因素对地方污染减排的影响,并用工业污染物强度进行稳健性检验。结果显示,政府减排目标对污染减排的作用存在阶段性不同:经济发展初级阶段,政府减排目标对污染排放总量的作用方向为正; 经济发展水平较高时,作用方向为负; 两者之间存在适应性调整阶段,作用方向具有不确定性,但总体由正向作用向负向作用转变。产业结构对工业污染排放总量的作用方向因污染物种类而异,经济规模对工业污染排放总量作用方向为正。     

Urban cultivation in Accra: an examination of the nature, practices, problems, potentials and urban planning implications

The literature on urban farming in Sub-Saharan African cities reveals that most studies have been conducted in Eastern, Southern and Central African cities. A few have focused on West Africa, including Sierra Leone, Guinea Bissau, and Cameroon. In Ghana there is a paucity of information on urban farming. The purpose of this paper is to examine the status of urban cultivation in Accra, Ghana's capital, reviewing existing research, and to present new empirical findings on urban cultivation emphasizing on its history, nature, practices, problems, potentials and urban planning implications.     

城市道路交通问题与对策探讨

从中国大城市交通堵塞现象着手,研究了机动车辆的增加与道路通行能力的关系,以及机动车迅速增长所带来的环境污染问题,分析了问题产生的原固及其危害程度,探讨改善城市交通的途径和解决的方案,提出适当限制个人轿车,积极发展轨道交通,规划建设中心网络城市的现点。     

水资源污染与水资源的减少

工业的发展在带给人类福音的同时 ,也给江河湖泊、地下水源及海洋造成了污染 ,并对人类的生存与发展构成了严重威胁     

粉煤灰在废水处理中的应用

介绍了粉煤灰的结构及物理化学特性，处理废水的机理，综述了国内外利用粉煤灰处理各种废水的最新研究成果。目前利用粉煤灰处理废水主要应用于城市污水、印染废水、造纸废水、制药废水、电废水、重金属废水及含酚、含氟废水的处理。同时介绍了几种粉煤灰改性的方法及应用前景。     

呼市自备井生活供水系统水质污染及防治对策

根据对代表性自备井供水单位的水质抽样化验结果及自来水公司供水系统的水质监测数据，对比分析了呼和浩特市自备井生活供水系统的水质污染现状和主要原因，提出了相应的防治对策。     

废锌渣制氯化锌的研究

讨论了利用废锌渣制备氯化锌的理论依据、工艺流程、影响因素及控制方法     

烹调油烟的免疫毒理学研究进展

烹调油烟是室内主要空气污染物之一，化学成分复杂，严重影响职业接触人群的健康．对烹调油烟免疫毒性的研究是全面评价其毒性作用的一个重要方面．对近几年来烹调油烟影响机体细胞免疫、体液免疫和巨噬细胞以及NK细胞功能等免疫毒性方面的研究进展作一综述．     

People and their waste in an emergency context: The case of Monrovia, Liberia

Liberia has gone through civil crisis for over a decade which has resulted in the destruction of infrastructure and disruption of basic services delivery particularly in Monrovia, the capital city. Most of the 1.3 million people living in Monrovia are without adequate environmental sanitation and waste management services which situation poses a serious health risk to the residents. The current waste management service coverage is less than 20% and disposal is by indiscriminate open dumping. In 2003, there were series of outbreaks of cholera epidemics in the city during which time a total of 26,651 cases were reported with many dying.The waste management plan was initiated as an exit strategy of UNICEF following an intervention response programme to assist the Monrovia City Corporation (MCC) whose capacity in this area had been crippled as a result of years of war, through the provision of support in solid waste collection and disposal.The objectives of the plan were to:

(a) Improve waste management services delivery in the city.

(b) Strengthen the ability of the MCC to plan and manage the waste services delivery.

(c) Enhance cooperation of service beneficiaries through comprehensive and effective health education and service promotional campaign.

(d) Enhance revenue generation and community participation through the promotion of private sector and CBOs/NGOs active involvement in the waste management service delivery.

The general methodology adopted for the assignment entailed the following:Desk study and review of existing reports on Water and Environmental Sanitation (WES) in Monrovia and other relevant literature, consultation with stakeholders, site visits and participatory planning which aimed at soliciting the opinions of the various stakeholders involved with the respective components to capture their aspirations and experiences. It also covered collection and analysis of available information and data to facilitate the plan preparation and facilities design.The three-phased strategy (short, medium and long term) covering a period of 10 years (August 2004–December 2014), recommended a combination of technical options for collection based on the pursuit of staged development to allow for the adoption of realistically attainable standards within a framework of continuous and systematic improvements as economic conditions improved and new knowledge gained through practice. The plan sought to blend the capacity within the City Corporation with that of the private sector and NGOs/CBOs to respond to the diverse service demands of the city taking into consideration housing and infrastructural conditions, service costs and cost recovery to ensure sustainability. It also identified sources of financing and allocated financing responsibilities to facilitate effective plan implementation.     

氮肥施用对冬小麦土壤残留NO3^——N含量及根系分布影响

通过6个氮水平试验，研究了不同氮肥用量对冬小麦土壤剖面NO3^--N含量及其与根系空间分布对应关系的影响；探索了土壤剖面NO3^--N含量与氮肥施用量的趋势规律，以及冬小麦施用氮肥对地下水造成污染的成因、规律及最危险时期。