社会主义精神富裕论

马克思主义经典作家的相关阐述 ,社会主义本质的实现和比较优势的获取 ,精神富裕和物质富裕特殊的关系均表明 ,精神富裕是建设社会主义的应有之义。而精神富裕的导向、认识、实践和凝聚作用 ,又反过来在促进社会主义事业快速、健康与持续发展中扮演着重要角色。同时 ,社会主义精神富裕还具有向度的特性 ,是一个动态开放的发展过程     

论不当得利要件的重构——兼评不当得利请求权与相关请求权竞合

由于不当得利构成要件欠缺清晰化,在理论上导致不当得利之债与侵权之债、违约得利之债难以区分,并使得不当得利之债的请求权和物权的返还请求权、侵权之债的请求权产生竞合,也导致我国司法实践中不当得利制度的滥用,或是由于适用结果将违反法律最基本的公平正义而不敢适用.因此,应该从不当得利制度的物权变动理论基础视角分别对给付型和非给付型不当得利的物权变动原因进行分析,重新构建其构成要件.     

论党的第三代领导集体对邓小平经济理论的丰富和发展

以江泽民为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体,在领导我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的实践中,以我们正在做的事情为中心,着眼于对马克思主义理论的运用,着眼于对实际问题的理论思考,着眼于新的实践和新的发展,提出并阐明了一系列新思想、新观点、新论断,创造性地丰富和发展了邓小平的经济理论。我们领会并把握这些基本思想,对于我们正在进行的改革开放和现代化建设具有重要的指导意义。     

A case study in identifying targeted patients population in major depressive disorder by enhanced enrichment design

Despite advances in clinical trial design, failure rates near 80% in phase 2 and 50% in phase 3 have recently been reported. The challenges to successful drug development are particularly acute in central nervous system trials such as for pain, schizophrenia, mania, and depression because high‐placebo response rates lessen assay sensitivity, diminish estimated treatment effect sizes, and thereby decrease statistical power. This paper addresses the importance of rigorous patient selection in major depressive disorder trials through an enhanced enrichment paradigm. This approach led to a redefinition of an ongoing, blinded phase 3 trial algorithm for patient inclusion (1) to eliminate further randomization of transient placebo responders and (2) to exclude previously randomized transient responders from the primary analysis of the double blind phase of the trial. It is illustrated for a case study for the comparison between brexpiprazole + antidepressant therapy and placebo + antidepressant therapy. Analysis of the primary endpoint showed that efficacy of brexpiprazole versus placebo could not be established statistically if the original algorithm for identification of placebo responders was used, but the enhanced enrichment approach did statistically demonstrate efficacy. Additionally, the enhanced enrichment approach identified a target population with a clinically meaningful treatment effect. Through its successful identification of a target population, the innovative enhanced enrichment approach enabled the demonstration of a positive treatment effect in a very challenging area of depression research.     

Policy Implications of Supporting Women of Color in the Sciences

ABSTRACT

This research suggests that, contrary to popular perception, there exists a pool of women of color with avid interest in science, and the academic skills to pursue that interest. It further suggests that these women, if given the support necessary to persist in science, will choose careers that address many other needs, domestic and international, including schooling and science education; rural and urban health care, public health and medical research; the environment; and other public service fields. Investing in the retention of high-achieving women of color in science yields returns on multiple levels. This conclusion is based on a study of high-achieving women of color interested in studying science, and an evaluation of a university enrichment program for science students of color.     

Effects of resident-oriented care on job characteristics of nursing caregivers

This study evaluates the effects of the implementation of resident-oriented care on the job characteristics (job autonomy, job demands and social support) of nursing caregivers in three Dutch nursing homes. In a quasi-experimental design, experimental and control groups in both general and psychogeriatric wards were followed for up to 22 months, using a pre-test and two post-tests by means of written questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The results showed that the intervention appeared to be partly successful. Last post-test regression analyses revealed significant increases in a number of design characteristics of resident-oriented care. Significant increases were noticed on resident assignment, the two variables measuring the nursing process and, in the psychogeriatric experimental group, on resident-oriented tasks (p≤.01). The effects on job characteristics were limited. An indicative increase was shown in contextual job autonomy in the experimental group (p≤.05). The qualitative data derived from the interviews showed that there was still a partly task-oriented division of labour. Further, the delegation of co-ordination tasks to nursing caregivers had not yet been properly achieved. The study concludes with some theoretical and methodological reflections in the light of the findings.     

A pragmatic adaptive enrichment design for selecting the right target population for cancer immunotherapies

One of the challenges in the design of confirmatory trials is to deal with uncertainties regarding the optimal target population for a novel drug. Adaptive enrichment designs (AED) which allow for a data-driven selection of one or more prespecified biomarker subpopulations at an interim analysis have been proposed in this setting but practical case studies of AEDs are still relatively rare. We present the design of an AED with a binary endpoint in the highly dynamic setting of cancer immunotherapy. The trial was initiated as a conventional trial in early triple-negative breast cancer but amended to an AED based on emerging data external to the trial suggesting that PD-L1 status could be a predictive biomarker. Operating characteristics are discussed including the concept of a minimal detectable difference, that is, the smallest observed treatment effect that would lead to a statistically significant result in at least one of the target populations at the interim or the final analysis, respectively, in the setting of AED.     

Supportive organizational environment,work-life enrichment,trust and turnover intention: A national survey of PRSA membership

Based on an online survey of a national random sample of the PRSA membership (n?=?650), this study is among the first to explore public relations employees’ own turnover intention and propose three contributing factors for employers to keep top talent in PR industry: a family-supportive organizational environment; the positive, enriching impact of professional work upon practitioners’ life; and PR practitioners’ trust toward employers. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

The plan of enrichment designs for dealing with high placebo response

To deal with high placebo response in clinical trials for psychiatric and other diseases, different enrichment designs, such as the sequential parallel design, two‐way enriched design, and sequential enriched design, have been proposed and implemented recently. Depending on the historical trial information and the trial sponsors' resources, detailed design elements are needed for determining which design to adopt. To assist in making more suitable decisions, we perform evaluations for selecting required design elements in terms of power optimization and sample size planning. We also discuss the implementation of the interim analysis related to its applicability.     

论行政主体的不当得利返还请求权--从行政奖励被撤销后的利益追索说开去

在当今给付行政时代，行政相对人从行政主体处获得不当得利的情形已大量出现。行政主体如何追索这些不当得利，我国大陆立法上并无明确规定，理论上的探讨也较少。参酌域外公法上返还请求权制度，在有授权的情况下，行政主体可以凭借自身的公权力直接对行政相对人采取强制返还措施。否则，应当通过诉讼获得返还。不过，基于信赖保护原则、衡平法理和时效等因素，行政主体的不当得利返还请求权应受到一定程度的限制。