‘There Oughtta Be a Law Against Bitches’: Masculinity Lessons in Police Academy Training

This article draws on participant observation in a law enforcement academy to demonstrate how a hidden curriculum encourages aspects of hegemonic masculinity among recruits. Academy training teaches female and male recruits that masculinity is an essential requirement for the practice of policing and that women do not belong. By watching and learning from instructors and each other, male students developed a form of masculinity that (1) excluded women students and exaggerated differences between them and men; and (2) denigrated women in general. Thus, the masculinity that is characteristic of police forces and is partly responsible for women’s low representation on them is not produced exclusively on the job, but is taught in police academies as a subtext of professional socialization.     

公安文学中的扁形人物和圆形人物

公安文学中的人物形象由扁平人物过渡到中间人物,由中闻人物过渡到圆形人物,满足了不同读者的审美需求, 这是公安文学兴盛的标志,代表先进文化的前进方向。     

诱惑侦查获得证据证明能力之探讨

诱惑侦查是侦破犯罪、收集证据的行之有效的手段,但却面临着保障人权和打击犯罪的两难选择。为了最大限度地限制诱惑侦查的负面影响,有必要对诱惑侦查所取得证据证明能力进行规制。通过对诱惑侦查所获得证据采信规则的剖析,有必要对诱惑侦查获得证据的适法性要件进行考究,从而确立诱惑侦查所取得证据采信的合法性标准。     

论高校辅导员微博影响力的提升

随着现代媒体技术的不断发展，高校辅导员对大学生思想政治教育的渠道也日益增加，大学生是微博的主要用户群之一，微博为辅导员的工作带来了机遇，高校辅导员可以借助“微博”来提升思想政治教育工作的时效性与实效性。为提升微博的文化影响力，辅导员微博建设应遵守“人文关怀精神”“校园文化建设”“职业精神塑造”三大原则；此外，辅导员微博应具备正确的价值导向；辅导员本身要养成良好的媒介素质，且需要把握95后大学生思维特质     

Procedural (in)justice,emotions, and compliance

The procedural justice model has become widely recognized as a key crime prevention and reduction strategy, spurring its adoption across police agencies throughout the United States in an effort to address mounting concerns regarding police use of force. Recent critiques, however, have called attention to the need for greater examination of potential contributing factors that are underdeveloped in investigations of the procedural justice model, including the role of emotions. This article takes stock of interdisciplinary advancements to critically examine scholarly investigations exploring associations between procedural (in)justice, emotions, and compliance behaviors within the context of police-citizen interactions. In doing so, continued gaps are identified. Lastly, this article concludes by identifying future pathways and recommendations for the scholarly advancement of our understanding of emotions and their continued relevance to the procedural justice model.     

Identifying the Drivers of the Exceptionally High Rates of Lethal and Racially Biased Violence by Police in the United States Requires Geographically Resolved Data and Analysis

This essay serves as a response to Hirschfield's (2015) article, “Lethal Policing: Making Sense of American Exceptionalism,” published in the December 2015 issue of this journal.     

微博、公共知识分子与话语权力

微博因其“平权”、“零散”与“再中心化”的技术特质,具有对公众“表达自由”的“赋权”能力.目前,一批知识分子正以微博意见领袖身份,回应微博技术的赋权,参与公共话语的表达.文章总结公共知识分子在微博空间行使话语权的表现；提出制约其话语影响力发挥的因素和关系；并进一步探讨如何将微博的技术赋权转化为自身的机遇.结论认为:公共知识分子的微博生存存在多个方面的问题和隐忧；而微博“共景监狱”式的开放结构,让知识分子“虚妄的公共性”更为显性.为实现自我身份和公共价值的重新认同和构建,公共知识分子应积极介入、充分利用微博空间；秉持批判与道义传统,以特殊知识分子的身份,进行中观和微观政治话语的表达,彰显自身的中心话语权力；推动公民交往理性和公民社会的建构.     

What can microblog exchanges tell us about food safety crises in China?

The affordance of microblogging services has made them an ideal tool for communicating risk and crisis. However, research on social media and risk communication is still in its infancy. This study, following the uses and gratifications framework, attempts to give some insight into the way micro-bloggers communicate about risk by investigating food safety communications on the microblogging service in China. A content analysis was conducted on 6186 microblog posts relating to 12 recent food safety incidents in China. A series of bivariate chi-square tests was conducted to test the association between micro-bloggers and gratifications. The results indicate that different types of micro-bloggers gratify different needs. Compared to other types of micro-bloggers, the general public tends to use microblogging to express opinions on food safety incidents, regulation and/or policy, rather than simply disseminating information; members of the public enjoy fewer multimedia affordances in their microblog posting but express more negative feelings. Although we anticipate growth in the use of social media in environmental health communication, caution is still needed: communication in China still follows a traditional top-down pattern.     

“Why I Can't Stand Out in Front of My House?”: Street‐Identified Black Youth and Young Adult's Negative Encounters With Police

This street participatory action research (Street PAR) study organized 15 residents to document street‐identified Black youth and adult's negative experiences with police in Wilmington, Delaware. Data were collected on mostly street‐identified Black men and women aged 18–35 in the forms of (1) 520 surveys, (2) 24 individual interviews, (3) four dual interviews, (4) three group interviews, and (5) extensive field observations. Forty‐two percent of survey participants reported being stopped by police in the last year. However, with the exception of being “stopped,” participants overall reported little negative contact with police at least within the past year. Chi‐square and ANOVA analyses suggest an interactional relationship exists between race, gender, and age on experiences with police. Younger Black men (18–21) were found to have the most negative contact with police. Analysis suggests a smaller, more hardened mostly male variant of the larger street community has had repeated contact with police. Qualitative analysis reveals at least two major themes: (1) disrespect and disdain for residents and (2) low motivation for working with police. Street PAR methodology was also found to be instrumental in working with local residents and the Wilmington Police Department to improve conditions between residents and police.     

The Rules of (Dis)engagement: Black Youth and Their Strategies for Navigating Police Contact

Prior work on youth–police relations examines young people's general perceptions of the police, their differential treatment by police officers, and officers' discretion in dealing with youth. Yet researchers have largely neglected the question of how young people attempt to shape these encounters. I address this critical gap, while also incorporating the experiences of “on track” youth and young women—two groups that are not exempt from police contact but traditionally ignored in the youth–police literature. Drawing on semistructured group and individual interviews with 19 black young people in New York City, I investigate the strategies they employ or subscribe to in navigating police contact. Three types of strategies emerged from my analysis: avoidance, management, and symbolic resistance. Avoidance strategies are marked by young people's attempts to preemptively steer clear of officers on the street. Management strategies are employed by young people during police encounters to limit risk or harm, while symbolic resistance is a subtle tactic used by some youth to preserve their dignity in these interactions. This study also considers the gender differences in respondents' approaches and offers new insights into how they assess their police interactions in an era of highly publicized incidents of police brutality.