La répartition régionale de la prime aux qualifications en Chine urbaine: implications sur la croissance et les inégalités

Les auteurs observent que la prime aux qualifications a augmenté dans toutes les régions de Chine entre 1995 et 2002, mais seulement dans les régions côtières entre 2002 et 2007. Ainsi, ces régions présentent de plus fortes inégalités salariales, notamment en zones urbaines. Si les privatisations ont été la première raison de la montée de la prime aux qualifications entre 1995 et 2002, entre 2002 et 2007 cela a été l'intégration, inégale selon les régions, à l'économie mondiale. Réduire cette prime et les inégalités suppose de réformer le système du hukou qui fait obstacle à la mobilité de la main‐d'?uvre, donc à la croissance.     

Contribution analysis to analyze the effects of the health impact assessment at the local level: A case of urban revitalization

The health impact assessment (HIA) is a tool used to estimate the potential impact on health of non-health-related proposals prior to implementation. While it is increasingly used in Quebec, Canada, studies have not analyzed its medium-term impacts and potential long-term impacts. We conducted a contribution analysis using in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, as well as documents, observation and images related to HIA in order to analyze its impacts on the revitalization of road infrastructure, parks and green spaces, and residential housing. Our analysis not only reflects on the decision-making process through the adoption and implementation of HIA recommendations, but also on the link between actions implemented in the field and health outcomes.     

Perspectives of Culture-Bearers on the Vitality,Viability and Value of Traditional Khmer Music Genres in Contemporary Cambodia

Previous studies have explored the historical and social context for the endangerment and subsequent revitalisation of Cambodian performing arts, but little work has focused on music, or the views of culture-bearers themselves on these issues. By thematically analysing qualitative data from semi-structured interviews conducted in early 2013, this research explores the perspectives and motivations of a group of master-musicians, teachers and performers who are making efforts to sustain and revive their music traditions. Participants emphasised five factors that they believed significantly interplayed with the vitality of traditional Khmer music genres. Four of these were generally perceived to have an overall adverse effect on vitality: ‘outside’ influence; loss of interest and knowledge among younger people; low market demand for performances and teaching; and perpetuation of limiting constructs and belief systems. Only one factor identified was perceived to have a beneficial effect on vitality: the strength of infrastructure for learning and teaching. Somewhat surprisingly, then, opinions about the viability of traditional genres were on aggregate highly optimistic, though with some concern expressed about the impact of government action (and inaction) on this issue. Justifications given for sustaining and revitalising traditional Khmer genres included the role of these traditions in education and ritual, Cambodian national identity and musicians’ livelihoods. The study confirms the perceived value, among one group of culture-bearers, of revitalising Khmer music traditions.     

Le traitement syndical du racisme et de l'insécurité dans une entreprise de transports urbains

On-the-job racism is studied in the case of a public transportation firm that has to cope with insecurity in an urban area. In this company, the labor union has related security and racism in order to definitively integrate young persons hired to do “mediation work”. Eliminating this work from the list of jobs has had two positive effects; it avoids the risk of an “ethnic professionalization” and grants legitimacy to the relational know-how linked to the origins of young wage-earners. The option of labor union members in the firm did curb the escalation of conflicts between transportation personnel and young people in housing projects.     

L'émergence d'un nouveau mode de gouvernement local des réseaux en Allemagne. Une ville moyenne et son Stadtwerk face au processus de libéralisation

On the basis of a long-term study of a Stadtwerk located in a middle-sized town, questions are raised about changes in the local governance of networks in Germany. Neoliberal reforms and the budgetary crisis at the communal level are powerful factors driving change, which, for municipal authorities, reflects not a loss of power as such but a transformation of the relations it used to have with its Stadtwerk. A new type of interaction is emerging; it is much more formalized and based on standing relatively clear of politics. Municipal authorities are taking back the role of strategic and financial leadership that had been downplayed during the previous period characterized by a monopoly and communal prosperity.