Engaging leader – Engaged employees? A cross-lagged study on employee engagement

The goal of this study is to provide a cross-lagged examination of the relationships between engaging leadership, job resources and employee work engagement. We propose a mediation model and we postulate that engaging leadership can increase perceptions of three specific job resources (i.e. autonomy, support from colleagues and opportunities for learning and development) which theoretically correspond to the three facets of engaging leadership (i.e., inspiring, connecting and strengthening, respectively). Subsequently, in keeping with the extant body of Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) research, we link job resources to employee work engagement. Our hypotheses were tested on data collected at two time-points – T1 (N = 759) and T2 (N = 273) –from employees working for a hotel chain in the Netherlands. In line with our expectations, engaging leadership showed a significant cross-lagged relationship with autonomy and support from colleagues, but did not predict learning opportunities and work engagement across time. While we formulated specific hypotheses, we also tested reversed causation relationships. We found no direct effect from engaging leadership on employee work engagement, however, the reversed effect was significant; employee perceptions of engaging leadership were shaped by their own engagement experiences. Importantly, engaged employees at T1 reported more job resources at T2. By providing a cross-lagged examination of our model, we showed that engaging leaders as well as employees’ positive affective state of being engaged, are essential to shaping a resourceful work context. A comprehensive view on the triggers and outcomes of work engagement and engaging leadership is needed, as the traditional unidirectional cause-effect rationale fails to explain how these concepts relate to one another and to employee experiences of job resources.     

四川盆地中三叠世盐盆分布与演化特征研究

四川盆地卤水分布广泛，资源丰富, 早为世人所瞩目，中三叠统雷口坡组是四川盆地最早开采天然气和盐卤的层系之一。根据盆地雷口坡组大量钻井资料研究表明，盆地雷口坡组主要成盐期分别为雷三2 期和雷四2 期，在盆地东部和南部由于受到古隆起的影响，盐岩地层已被剥蚀难以保存，现今盐岩主要分布在开江古隆起和泸州古隆起的西部以及天井山古隆起的南部（华蓥山以西—龙门山以东的川西—川中地区）。印支运动对盆地雷口坡组盐岩在平面的迁移起着十分重要的作用，根据不同时期盐岩统计数据看，两期盐盆在平面上具有向西迁移、叠加的特征，其中川中的GS1 井就钻遇了这两期的盐岩。     

Civil Society and Democracy: The Israeli Experience

Civil society has been considered pivotal to democracy, but the causes of its performance have remained controversial. According to one view the political context is a critical factor in shaping the contours of civil society. Another suggests that whether democracy prevails is contingent on society itself and the associations comprising it. In a test of these views it was assumed that if society prevails associations would vary by type. If the state is more important, then associations would be expected to score similarly on the democratic scale. It was also expected that variation among the types of performance would cut across group categories, reflecting general attributes of the polity. Data were derived from a survey conducted among voluntary associations in Israel (n = 360). Findings showed that (a) associations scored similarly on the democratic scale, (b) the scores for the democratic performance were not influenced by group category, and (c) the least performed function was integration.     

论我国农村基层民主建设的现实基础

基层民主建设是有中国特色的民主政治内容之一。近年来,我国农村的基层民主建设引起世人关注。本文从我国农村的经济因素、社会因素和文化因素三个方面探讨了在经济、文化相对落后的农村推进民主进程的可能性与可行性。     

促性腺激素、V_(D_3)、V_E亚硒酸钠对母兔繁殖力的影响

选择成年、健康、未孕母兔 32只 ,随机分成 8组 ,分别给予促性腺激素 (Ⅰ组 )、VD3(Ⅱ组 )、VE 亚硒酸钠 (Ⅲ组 ) ,促性腺激素 +VD3(Ⅳ组 )、VD3+VE 亚硒酸钠 (Ⅴ组 )、促性腺激素 +VE 亚硒酸钠(Ⅵ组 )、促性腺激 +VD3+VE 亚硒酸钠 (Ⅶ组 ) ,空白对照 8种处理。试验结果表明 ,母兔经药物处理后 ,其繁殖性能 (发情状况、排卵数、正常受精卵数 )都比对照组显著地提高 ,但Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ组有畸形卵子存在 ,以处理Ⅶ组效果最好 ,其排卵数达 4 7± 2 0 .3个 ,正常受精卵 35个 ,分别比对照组多 36 .5个、30个。     

宪法:民主之法——论宪法学的研究对象

民主是宪法学的研究对象 ,宪法产生发展的历史、宪法的内容及宪法发展目标揭示了宪法学这一本质特征。从历史发展过程来看 ,宪法含义经历了从规定政权组织结构到规定公民权利 ,从规定公民权利到保障宪法中公民权利实现的变化 ;从现实世界范围内各国宪法内容考察 ,它们在形式上都承认主权属于人民 ,确认了一系列民主制度和民主原则 ;从人类发展趋势来看 ,民主是人类社会不懈的追求 ,由于需求的无限性 ,人类对民主的追求也没有止境。据此 ,宪法学研究范围具体应包括 :宪法基本理论、宪法制度、国家、公民及国家与公民的关系。     

试论建设社会主义政治文明

发展社会主义民主政治 ,建设社会主义政治文明是社会主义现代化建设的重要目标。随着我国经济发展、社会进步和改革的深化 ,社会主义政治文明建设具有其必要性和紧迫性。新中国成立 5 0多年来 ,我国民主政治、政治文明建设取得了一定成效 ,但离社会主义现代化建设的目标还有较大差距。因此 ,我们要积极稳妥地推进政治体制改革 ,在建设社会主义物质文明、精神文明的同时 ,抓好社会主义政治文明建设 ,实现有中国特色的社会主义现代化     

B2C电子商务败因:创新范式研究

B2C电子商务的发展经历了泡沫-失败-复苏的周期,深刻分析其失败的原因,对于今后B2C的发展是有指导意义的。B2C商务模式是一种创新行为,B2C的失败是一种创新行为的失败。本文采用创新理论框架对其失败的原因进行分析。     

教学民主化功能浅论

教学民主化追求师生在教学活动中相互尊重、相互信任、相互配合和相互促进 ,致力于营造一种民主、平等、自由、和谐的教学氛围 ,这对教学目标子系统、结构子系统、动力子系统与评价子系统将产生深刻的影响与作用     

胡耀邦新时期党内民主思想初探

党内民主是党的生命,胡耀邦十分重视党内民主建设,他为新时期党内民主的发展做出了巨大的贡献。深入探讨胡耀邦党内民主思想,对于发展社会主义民主政治具有重要的现实意义。