Male gamblers – suicide victims and living controls: comparison of adversity over the life course

The objective of this research is to investigate the possible difference in accumulation of adversity over the life course among decedent gamblers and living control gamblers in the province of Quebec, Canada. A sample of 90 adult men, 41 living participants and 49 suicide decedents, met the criteria for at-risk and problem gambling over the last five years. Data were obtained from informants in the case of suicide and directly from living controls during semi-structured face-to-face interviews using SCID I and II, SOGS, Module K and a recount of life trajectories methodology. The results showed a high level of adversity throughout the life trajectories of both groups. However, the living gamblers faced more difficulties during their lifespan than the suicide victims. In the last six months before their death, suicide victims had a significantly higher number of mental health disorders, especially co-morbid mental health disorders and anxiety, compared to the living controls. We also observed a rapid escalation of difficulties, more life events and more psychological distress in the last six months of their lives among the suicide decedents. Suicidal behaviour needs to be carefully investigated by medical staff and mental health practitioners, especially when gamblers demonstrate evidence of mental health disorders or financial difficulties.     

当代大学生逆商探析

逆商（AQ）是指一个人应对挫折、摆脱困境和超越困难的能力。在当前的高逆境时代,大学生需要具有更高的逆商,高校在开展IQ、EQ培养的同时,也应注意对学生的AQ进行分析和研究,采取行之有效的逆商训练途径,培养他们的抗挫折能力,使他们能够在激烈的竞争和困境中脱颖而出。调查分析了当代大学生的心理特点及逆商情况,分析了高校积极开展大学生逆商教育的积极意义,并给出了开展大学生逆商教育的主要途径。     

逆商教育与高校学生教育管理工作的改进

逆商教育不仅对个人成功具有重要意义，无论从心理学还是社会学的角度对当代大学生更是具有特殊意义。基于大学生逆商教育现状，我国高校结合自身的实际情况和所面临的社会环境，应就端正学生心理咨询观念、设立心理指导机构和开设教育课程、加强逆商心理测试监控、开展实践训练、注重教师价值引导和学生自主建构等方面，采取可操作的教育管理工作措施来促进逆商教育的开展和学生的成长成才。     

高校心理咨询:困境与发展

本文论述了当前高校心理咨询工作面临的困境,并提出了有效发展的途径。     

论“否极泰来”的真意和价值

文章分两部分。首先疏释了泰否两卦,指出两卦的主旨乃在于天道循环,顺便也清理了传统《十翼》观点的错误。第二部分简略地论述了们司易》中循环思想在其它卦中的体现,《周易》作者创作这部分卦的时代体验和现实追求以及《周易》创立循环理论的价值及其在中国思想史上产生的重要影响。     

So Many Theories,So Little Time: An Examination of Theories on the Intergenerational Transmission of Relationship Instability

To examine theoretical perspectives on the intergenerational transmission of relationship instability 945 college students from intact and divorced homes participated. Participants were examined simultaneously and separately based on racial and ethnic background. Regression analyses tested evolutionary, social learning, life-course adversity, and father-absent theory. Evolutionary theory proved to be the best explanation as it was able to explain relationship behaviors when examining all participants simultaneously, and some behaviors when examining participants separately. Life-course adversity and father-absent theory were able to explain early reproductive behaviors among White participants. For Black participants, age at first boy/girlfriend could be explained by social-learning, life-course adversity, and father-absent theory. None of the remaining theories were able to explain the relationship behaviors of Hispanic participants.     

Maternal influences on effortful control in adolescence: Developmental pathways to externalizing behaviors

Adolescents' effortful control is subject to numerous maternal influences. Specifically, a mother's own effortful control is associated with her child's effortful control. However, maternal substance use, psychopathology, and stress within the parenting role may also lead to poor effortful control for their child. Poor effortful control during adolescence can subsequently contribute to a variety of negative outcomes, including externalizing behaviors. A sample of 460 adolescents (47% female, 59.3% Non‐Hispanic Caucasian) was selected from a longitudinal, multigenerational study. The goal was to examine maternal effortful control, substance use, psychopathology, and stress in their offspring's childhood (M_age = 6.27) and their influence on their children's effortful control in early adolescence (M_age = 12.21) and the subsequent effect of effortful control on adolescents’ externalizing behavior (M_age = 13.53). Maternal effortful control (measured via conscientiousness) and psychopathology were associated with adolescent effortful control, which was associated with externalizing behavior a year later. Additionally, there was a significant indirect association between maternal effortful control and adolescent externalizing behaviors via adolescent effortful control. Thus, adolescent effortful control is associated with maternal effortful control but also subject to specific maternal risk factors in childhood. These results inform potential maternal strategies for promoting positive developmental outcomes in adolescents.     

浅析高校大学生的忧患意识教育

大学生的忧患意识教育是当前高校政治思想教育的重要方面。在当前我国政治、经济面临巨大变革的时期,开展大学生的忧患意识教育,培养和增强大学生的忧患意识显得更为紧迫。只有让大学生真正体会到危机感,增强自身的责任感和使命感,才能全面完成社会主义现代化的建设。     

长征:逆境中选择战略发展机遇的光辉典范

红军长征是一次被迫进行的战略转移,当时的中央和红军处于中央苏区无法立足、王明左倾严重错误指导、国民党蒋介石重兵围追堵截、张国焘搞右倾分裂以及大江大河天险、雪山草地无人区等极为罕见的逆境中。党中央和红军机智而勇敢地选择了北上抗日的战略转移目标、“避开强敌、迂回北上”的战略转移路线、以陕北为战略落脚点以及纠正党内左右倾错误的最佳时机和模式,从而为红军长征的胜利和党、军队以及革命事业的发展提供了战略空间,奠定了重要的基础。     

混沌理论与逆境中的公共行政路径选择

现代公共行政所面临的不确定性与非稳定性外部环境,使得公共部门在制定政策时采用传统途径面临各种形式的严重困难。混沌理论探索如何在混沌中创造秩序,在秩序中设计变革,并在变革中寻找机遇。通过混沌理论在公共行政中的应用,将有助于公共行政实现逆境中新的路径选择。