Barriers to the Uptake of Emergency Accommodation by Young Runaways and Thrown‐out children and the Role of the ‘Transitional Person’

Young runaways and thrown‐out children, under‐16, face a number of barriers to accessing safe emergency accommodation. The need for such accommodation is not always apparent because children sometimes make themselves invisible to services through fear of being returned or fear of being removed from inappropriate accommodation. Young people's retrospective accounts of their experiences suggest the importance of a ‘transitional person’, an adult who has a pivotal role in trust‐building and who acts as a conduit to services and helps runaway and thrown‐out children overcome internal and external barriers to uptake of emergency accommodation.     

论紧急避险的相当性要件

紧急避险的相当性要件是国外相关刑法理论和刑事立法中的一个重要问题,是指避险行为应当符合一个社会所承认的一般或共同的价值观念。避险行为的相当性应该成为紧急避险中的独立要件。通过避险相当性要件在"强制采血事例""脏器摘除事例"以及"雨伞事例"中的具体适用分析,避险行为的相当性要件具有独特的功能,一定程度上能限制法益权衡要件的适用。也就是说,即使行为人保全的法益价值大于其行为侵犯的法益价值,也不必然就能承认紧急避险。在避险行为缺乏相当性要件时,由于其也存在违法性的减少和责任程度的降低,因此,对其可以准用避险过当的从宽处罚原则。     

遇难船舶避难准入法律问题研究

现行国际法体系下,关于遇难船舶是否有权进入沿海国水域避难,难以得出明确结论。国际海事组织在避难地问题上做出了巨大努力,但脱离避难准入权的单纯避难地的存在并不具有实质意义。鉴于绝对的避难准入权与国家主权原则存在直接冲突,遇难船舶避难问题更现实的解决路径是提高国际船舶标准及提倡船籍国承担责任原则,而非创设一种绝对的避难准入权。在国际法上对遇难船舶避难准入缺乏统一标准的大背景下,我国宜采取个案分析的方式,对具有污染威胁的遇难船舶进入我国水域进行适度干预。     

“保护的责任”语境下避难者的人权保护问题

冷战结束以后,为保护国内人民免遭严重的人权侵害,国际社会开始提出并逐步实践"保护的责任"的观念和原则。然而,在"保护的责任"的语境下,难民概念的泛化与现有的难民国际保护制度并不能相互涵盖。本文认为,为了应对大规模的非传统意义上的难民保护问题,国际社会应该探索和实践一种临时避难保护制度。     

The Prioritization of Island Nations as Refuges from Extreme Pandemics

In this conceptual article with illustrative data, we suggest that it is useful to rank island nations as potential refuges for ensuring long-term human survival in the face of catastrophic pandemics (or other relevant existential threats). Prioritization could identify the several island nations that are most suitable for targeting social and political preparations and further investment in resiliency. We outline a prioritization methodology and as an initial demonstration, we then provide example rankings by considering 20 sovereign island states (all with populations greater than 250,000 and no land borders). Results describe each nation in nine resilience-relevant domains covering location, population, resources, and society according to published data. The results indicate that the most suitable island nations for refuge status are Australia, followed closely by New Zealand, and then Iceland, with other nations all well behind (including the relatively high-income ones of Malta and Japan). Nevertheless, some key contextual factors remain relatively unexplored. These include the capacity of the jurisdiction to rapidly close its borders when the emerging threat was first detected elsewhere, and whether or not large subnational islands should be the preferred focus for refuge design (e.g., the Australian state of Tasmania, the island of Hokkaido in Japan, or the South Island of New Zealand). Overall, this work provides conceptual thinking with some initial example analysis. Further research could refine the selection of metrics, how best to weight the relevant domains, and how the populations of prioritized island nations view their nation's selection as a potential refuge for human survival.     

关于韩世忠休闲避难原因之探析

南宋抗金名将韩世忠,戎马一生,丰功伟烈,于绍兴十一年与岳飞、张俊同时被解除兵权,并先后两次遭秦桧等人密谋陷害。但是韩世忠能够休闲避难,以富贵终其生,并非偶然,究其原因,主要有三条:岳飞的挺身保护;宋高宗的私情庇护;韩世忠的自我保护等。     

The Therapist's Office

Abstract

The child patient makes use of the therapist's office, the actual physical space, in complex ways. The creative utilization of space in the here and now, and the unfolding therapeutic relationship in the context of space is explored. Three case vignettes illustrate the child's use of space in regaining a sense of psychological safety and continued developmental growth.