“公共领域”与传媒批判理论的转向

哈贝马斯从批判理论中发展出“公共领域”概念，以其公共领域理论为中心，并用生活世界殖民化、市民社会、交往理性等理论回应了传媒批判理论的工具理性批判路向；传媒批判理论主要着力于传媒的政治经济学批判、意识形态批判和消费文化批判，其基础的错位导致与传播学经验学派形成紧张，而且对传媒行为的研究很乏力；而“公共领域”理论却为传媒批判理论注入了从批判到建设的新内涵，促成了传媒批判理论从破到立的转向，交往理性成为传媒批判新的追求。

"Public Sphere" and the Turn of Media Critical Theory

Habermas developed the concept ＂public sphere＂ from Critical Theory. Taking ＂public sphere＂ as the center, he responded to the media criticism based on instrumental rationality with the theories of colonization of life world, civil society and communicative rationality. Media critical theory primarily focused on the criticism of political economic, ideological, and criticism of consumer culture. Because of its basic foundation dislocation, Critical Theory made a tension with the Experience School, supporting little for media behavior research. ＂Public sphere＂ theory has added a new meaning from critique to reconstruction to the media critical theory, which made constructional turn of the media criticism, and communicative rationality become its new pursuit.