马克思劳动价值论研究进程中的三次转向

马克思劳动价值论是在“转向”中向前发展的。从历史的维度看,在马克思劳动价值论的研究进程中发生了三次大的转向。第一次是马克思从对古典劳动价值论的否定,到对古典劳动价值论的肯定并超越的转向,其标志性成果是马克思劳动价值论的创立。第二次是马克思从对工场手工业中劳动价值关系的考察,到对机器大工业中劳动价值关系的探索的转向,其标志性成果是马克思科技劳动价值论思想的萌发。第三次转向是从对“科技与生产相分离”的“物质生产领域”中劳动价值关系的考察,到对“科技与生产一体化”的现代经济社会与境①中科技劳动价值关系的研究的转向,其标志性成果是现代科技劳动价值论的建构。

Three turns in Marx' research on labor value theory

Marx' labor value theory underwent three “turns.” The first turn involves the shifting from Marx's denial of the classic labor value theory to his affirmation and surpassing the classical theory, its marking achievement being the foundation of Marx' labor value theory. The second turn involves the shifting from Marx's investigation of the labor value relations in the workshop handicraft industry to those in the big machine industry, its marking achievement being the germination of Marx's theory of value in science-technology labor. The third turn involves the shifting from his investigation of labor value relations in a “material production context” in which “science-technology are divorced” to his investigation of the labor value relations in a social context in which “science-technology and labor are united”, its marking achievement being the foundation of a modern theory of value in science-technology labor.