现实主义、自由主义与世界和平

现实主义认为,在国际社会无政府状态下,摆脱“安全困境”、保障国家安全和堆护和平的手段是均势和威慑。自由主义则提出了世界政府理论、集体安全理论、经济相互依赖和平论、民主和平论等,他们强调影响和平的因素包括田内政治结构、文化与价值现;发展经贸关系可以使得困家之间更加相互依赖,从而减少战争;健全国际安全机制以防止国际冲突和维持和平;民主国家之间不会发生战争。在冷战结束后的新形势下,现实主义和自由主义的传统理论对于解决大国间的国际安全问题不无价值和启示。

Realism, Liberalism and World Peace

The paper discusses the theories of realism and liberalism.The realist theory believes that balance of power and deterrence can get rid of "security dilemma" under the anarchical international conditions.The liberalist theory embraces the ideas of world government,collective security,economic interdependent peace,and democratic peace.Both suggest that the domestic structure of states,and their values,identities and cultures can all affect peace and that trade can make nations more interdependent and less inclined to war.International institutions can solve conflicts.Democratic nations never fight with each other.The two theories are valuable for solving the security problems in the post-Cold War era.