“诗言志”与“诗缘情”论

"诗言志"与"诗缘情"是中国古代两个重要的诗歌理论。但无论是言志说还是缘情说,都只是对诗歌的片面认识,只有将二者结合起来,才能算是较为完整的诗论。但二者的关系却并非是平行的、对等的,即二者的统一性并不在于它们从不同的方面揭示了诗歌的本质,而是因为它们在纵深向上,在不同的层面上揭示了诗歌的产生及其本质。对于诗歌的产生而言,言志说揭示了其充分条件,缘情说则指出了其必要条件。而对于诗歌的本质而言,从言志说到缘情说,是人们对诗歌本质认识的一种深化。符合人们认识事物从流到源、由表及里的一般规律。

Does Poetry Express One's Will or Emotion?

There are two contradictory ideas in ancient Chinese poetry theories.One is that poetry expresses one's will and the other is that poetry expresses one's emotion.The two ideas are both one-sided.Only when they are united can the two ideas get complete.Their unity is based on the fact that both of the ideas bring to light the emergence and innate character of poetry in different depths and at different levels instead of different ways.People's understanding of the innate character of poetry has gone from the idea that poetry expresses one's will to the idea that poetry expresses one's emotion,which corresponds to the general cognitive law.