试论西方语境中“反本质主义” 文学认识的两个向度——德里达与维特根斯坦

西方语境中,＂反本质主义＂思想在两个向度上影响着文学理论的知识建构：一是以尼采、海德格尔和德里达为代表的对抗形而上学哲学的思路;一是以维特根斯坦为代表的＂家族相似＂的概念考察思路。反思二者,更加明晰文学本质作为一个价值问题的存在,无论是文学理论还是文化研究,在如今新的历史条件下,如何作出民主多元的文学理论建设才是关键所在。

Two Trains of Thought in Anti-essentialism Literature Theory in Western Context-Derrida and Wittgenstein

Anti-essentialism in literature theory knowledge construction has two ways： one is the thinking of withstanding metaphysics,represented by Nietzsche,Heidegger and Derrida.The other is the concept investigation of ＂family resemblance＂,represented by Wittgenstein.Reflecting on the two ways,we can know deeply that the essence of literature is a value judgment.Whether in literature theory or cultural theory,the most important thing is how to develop democratic and pluralistic theory construction in recent new historical condition.