证实抑或证伪?——经验科学证实的困难与证伪的局限

经验科学借助于归纳的逻辑从单称陈述推理全称陈述的真理性,是不可靠的；同样也无法从一个特称陈述为真,证伪一个全称陈述.事实上,经验科学不可能产生对理论的最终证实或否证.科学陈述的客观性在于它们能被主体间相互检验,其科学性是命题的可检验性即经验的科学的系统必须有可能被经验反驳.证明一个理论是科学的,在于表明这个理论是可错的,它接受被否弃.科学的规则不保护科学中的任何陈述不被证伪,使科学是并永远保持是一个探索.

Confirmation or Falsification?The Difficulties of Confirmation and the Limitations of Falsification about Empirical Science

Empirical science infers truthfulness of universal statement from singular statement by means of inductive logic.However,that is unreliable.On the other hand,it can not falsify a universal statement with the truth of one particular statement.In fact,empirical science can not produce ultimately confirmation or falsification in theory.The objectivity of scientific statements is that they can be mutually tested between the subjects.And its scientific nature is the testability of propositions,that is,experiential and scientific system must be possible to be refuted by experience.To prove a theory is a scientific one is to show that the theory can be wrong,and it accepts sublation.Scientific rules do not protect any statement in science not to be falsified.That makes science become and always maintain an exploration.