文艺复兴时期的疯癫的面孔

福柯的《古典时代的疯狂史》运用知识考古学的方法,重写了疯狂自文艺复兴时期以来变化和发展的历史。文章通过对此书的解读,勾勒出福柯笔下文艺复兴时期疯癫的真实面孔,分析了疯癫对这一时期的文学艺术的蓬勃繁荣所发挥的巨大作用。但疯癫在道德领域却成为首恶,是社会一切不稳定因素的根源,人们惧怕疯癫巨大的破坏力。因此在现实社会中,人们对于疯癫既迷恋又恐惧。随着对疯癫越来越多的道德性批判,最终疯癫的悲剧性体验趋于被规训,从一个可以与理性对等的对象变成理性的一个组成部分,这种变化开启了疯癫在古典时期新的面孔。

The Face of Madness in Renaissance

From 17th century of Europe,it always suggests that madness is a kind of disease and it can be cured and disciplined.But Foucault’s focus is often at the value of the irrationality.Foucault used his archeology of knowledge to rewrite the history of madness.This paper analyzes the face of madness in Renaissance and the function of madness.Madness is a kind of tragic experience.This experience can inspire the imagination and find the primitive truth.So madness is the central figure of literature and art in this time.But madness is the chief criminals in the fields of morals.It was the ultimate source of instability in a society.Because of that,people feared madness.This reflected people’s attitude,fascination and fear.In the end,fear defeated fascination and madness became a part of ration.This means the equality of relationship of madness and ration was ended.