贫困的定义与我国反贫困问题思考

用低收入和不能满足基本生存需要这样的词汇来定义贫困已经不能满足当前我国反贫困工作的需要。一个人的贫困，除了生存需求的保障，还应包括权利、文化等各方面的不发达状态。我国现阶段的反贫困工作，应采用相对标准，如居民平均收入的30％～50％或5％～10％最低收入人口比例而非某个人为的绝对值。反贫困工作在国家来说应是一个社会问题，即对贫困者的关切和救助。真正的反贫困行动，除了给予贫困者生存和生活保障，还应积极铲除人们陷入贫困的经济、社会和政治根源，帮助他们踏上发展的阶梯。

Definition of Poverty and Reflections on China’s Anti-poverty Work

It would not meet the needs of China’s anti‐poverty work if “poverty”continued to be defined only by the wording of “low income” and “being unable to meet the basic needs for survival” .Besides the shortage of necessities for survival ,the definition should include the lack of rights ,knowledge and so on .China’s anti‐poverty work at present should adopt relative standards rather than use some fixed values .For example ,those who have only 30 percent to 50 percent of average income should be included in the group of “the impoverished” ,or the impoverished just takes 5% to 10% of the population .Anti‐poverty is a national and social issue ,because it involves providing care and aid for many impoverished people . Beyond that , anti‐poverty , in real sense , includes eliminating the economic ,social and political roots of poverty and assisting the impoverished to step onto the ladder of progress .