论胡适"缩短""拉长"两阶段的古史观

胡适是古史辨派创立时期的主要成员 ,此为当时学界公认的看法。 192 1年胡适所作《自述古史观书》 ,提出了“缩短”“拉长”两阶段理论 ,先“缩短” ,后“拉长” ,“缩短”依靠文献学完成 ,“拉长”依靠金石学、考古学完成。 192 4年胡适所作《古史讨论的读后感》以历史演进的根本方法解释顾颉刚等人的疑古辨伪 ,实际上可以看作胡适对于古史辨派的一个指导性的纲领 ,兼有纠正古史辨派偏失的用意。由今天的知识水准看来 ,胡适的“两阶段”理论预见了 2 0世纪学术发展的真实轨迹 ,代表着古史辨派中一个比较正确的方向。

On Hu Shi's"shortening"and"lengthening"of two stages of ancient history

It was acknowledged that Hu Shi was the chief member of the skeptic, a school of ancient history. In 1921, the theory of "shortening" and "lengthening" of two stages of the ancient history was proposed in My View of Ancient History. First, the history was shortened via documents and then lengthened with epigraphy and archaeology. In his Reflection on Ancient History Discussion, Hu His explained the textual research of Gu Jiegang from the point of view of history development in 1924, which was the schemata of the school with the revision of some prejudices of the school. A retrospection reveals that Hu Shi's "Two stages" predicated the academic development of the 20th century, which represented the right direction.