从清末立宪反思宪政之根基

清末立宪在客观上开启了中国传统政治文明的转型之门,是对两千年来专制政体的否定,其主流意义值得肯定。"立宪"之败是中国政治近代化的难产,表明不具备根基的"立宪"无法逃脱最终失败的命运;暴力革命不一定总能从根本上改造旧有的社会秩序,亦不能借此一蹴而就地实现宪政。宪政之根基在于建立在市场经济充分发展基础上的市民社会,只有期待其茁壮成长,构建其与国家权力之间的相互制衡、良性互动的新型社会治理模式,才能为宪政的实现打下坚实的根基,提供不懈的动力。这或许是清末立宪给予我们的深刻反思与启示。

Introspection on the Constitutional Foundation in of Constitutional Reform in the Late Qing the Perspective Dynasty

Objectively, the constitutional reform in the late Qing Dynasty, as the rejection to autocracy for 2,000 years, had openedthe transformation portal of Chinese traditional political civilization so that whose mainstream significance always should be deserved affirmation. Violent revolution is not always able to transform the old social order fundamentally, and to achieve constitutionalism in an action; the losing of constitutional reform, also as the dystocia of China＇s political modernization, states clearly that constitutionalism without necessary foundation has to be sunk into lower depths of ruin. The constitutional foundation should be contained in civil society based on the full development of market economy. Only when civil society thrives and when new public governance model characterized by Checks and Balance ＆ Benign interaction between that and state power succeeds to be established and only when the government seizes the opportunity to deepen the reform in time will the possible dangers during reform be prevented, and constitutionalism authentically own solid foundation and unremitting power. The above may be what the constitutional reform enlightens us.