西方异化理论从深化到乌托邦化的演进转向

几百年来 ,异化理论在西方一直大畅其行。黑格尔在思辩哲学意义上演绎他的异化观 ,费尔巴哈则从人本主义出发用异化理论来批判宗教。马克思的异化理论是在实践、历史层面上进行的 ,既具人文关怀性又具科学范导性。当代西方马克思主义对工业化大社会中人的全面异化进行了深刻细致的揭露批判 ,但他们在追寻消除异化的途径时却偏离了历史唯物主义方向 ,这使得他们的异化理论变成为难以付诸实践的乌托邦。

The Evolution of Western Alienation Theories from Deepening to Utopia

In the western countries, the theories on alienation have been prevalent for several centuries. Hegel puts forward his views on alienation from the philosophy of logical thinking, Feuerbach animadverts on religion with it as a weapon from the perspective of humanism, and Karl Marx founds his theory on alienation on practice and history, therefore his theory has both humanistic concerns and scientific guidance. For contemporary Western Marxists, however, they disclose and animadvert profoundly and comprehensively on the alienation of the entire human race in the industrialized society, but their departure from historical materialism plunges their theories into the Utopia that is never possible to practice.