先秦儒道之争简论

先秦时期 ,儒道两家思想处于对立且有渗透的状态 ,这可以从孔子与老子的接触对话以及两家学派的思想主张两个方面去考察。在孔老对话的过程中 ,孔子问礼于老子 ,彼此比较能够尊重理解对方立场 ,措辞亦不甚激烈。早期儒家向道家汲取了部分思想来充实发展自己 ,而道家也有利用儒家思想作为阐述自己学理的论据材料。道家学派在吸收利用孔孟思想的同时 ,对儒家强调的仁义道德、礼乐教化进行了严辞批判。相对于孔老对话的交流 ,这主要付诸儒道经典文献记载。

A Study on the Dispute between Confucianism and Taoism

Before Qin Dynasty (-221 B.C.) there was an opposition between Confucianism and Taoism,but also some exchange in thoughts,opinions and visits. During the dialogues between Confucius and Lao Tsu,Confucius showed respect in his speech to Lao Tsu. There was mutual respect and understanding of each others stand,with never a vehement wording exchanged. At the early period of development,Confucianism partially took in Taoism,while Taoism took use of Confucianism as proving materials for explaining its theories. But in the process,some schools of Taoism also criticized Confucianism severely against the virtue,morality,and civility education by Confucianism. These may be found in classical literature by both Confucianism and Taoism.