从政治学到政治科学--中国政治学研究的难题与范式转换

当前中国政治学研究的最大难题是学科界限的模糊性和不确定性,根本矛盾是人文与科学之间的冲突。要解决这一难题和矛盾,中国政治学必须实现研究范式的转换,从注重人文因素的政治学转向注重科学因素的政治科学。就其与政治的关系而言,应当从"准官方代言人"转向"独立学术人",从注重于对法律、政策的注解转向质询,减少政治学研究的"过重启蒙倾向",增加"民间性"和"冷漠性"。就其在政治人共同体中的地位而言,应当从"点缀性"、"修养性"转向"首要性"、"必需性"。就其研究方法而言,应当从"模糊性"、"随意性"转向"严格性"、"严肃性",从注重理论转向注重实践。

From Politics to Political Science:Problems of Chinese Political Research and Its Paradigm Alternatives

The main problem of today's Chinese politics research is uncertainty and indeterminacy of its discipline boundary, which lies in the conflict between humanity and sciences. Faced with the problem and conflict, Chinese politics society has to realize a research-pattern transition from humanity-centered politics to political science. As far as its relationship with political realities, political science should make a turn from serving as a quasi-official spokesman to an independent member of academic society, from annotating laws and policies to inquiring about them, and from its over-stressed tendency of enlightenment to an increment of its non-governmental and detached element. The position of Chinese politics in political society is the first important and highly necessary rather than for the use of ornament and personal cultivation. Its research methods should not be uncertain and random but serious and precise, and should switch from its theoretical values to practical values.