马克思早期美学中的感性论思想

马克思的早期美学包含了一种感性论思想,即确认人是感性的、自然的存在物,主张把人的本质理解为感性活动。马克思认为感性是一个变化的历史的范畴。人的活动的对象性能使得思维和存在、主体和客体、人和外在世界之间建立一种相互渗透和相互依赖的关系,只有全面地占有对象,才能展示和发展人的全部感觉并导致审美的发生。马克思的感性论思想对美学这一学科的发展和成熟作出了独特贡献,在近现代美学发展史上起到了承前启后的作用。

Sensationalism in Early Marxian Esthetics

There exists sensationalism in early Marxian esthetics, which asserts that human beings are sensitive and are natural creatures of existence, and which advocates that the essence of human nature is sensitive activity. Marx believes that sensitivity is a transformable historical concept, and that the objectivity of human activity enables a penetrative and interdependent relationship between mind and being, subject and object, and human beings and the world. Only when the object is possessed completely can human sensitivity become fully developed and esthetics made possible. Marxian sensationalism has contributed in a special way to the maturation of esthetics and serves as a link between past and future in the history of modern esthetics.