从清代前期学术流变看桐城派与"汉学"关系——"桐城派与汉宋学之争"札记之二

"汉宋学之争"是清代学术史上的焦点之一。最初,以姚鼐与戴震之间的争论最为引人注目,"汉宋学之争"也因此而成为桐城派研究中常常涉及的问题。但学术界多从"扬汉抑宋"角度评论这场争论,或用戴震拒绝姚鼐师从的请求来解释这场争论的发生。"汉宋学之争"是关于儒学本质与功能之争,它是清代学术流变的产物,即"汉学"家放弃了顾炎武所倡导的"通经致用"的"实学"思想,而将经学蜕变为考据训诂之学,并以考据训诂作为汉、宋学的分界线,从而引发了"汉宋学之争";其导火线则是戴震在谈到义理、考据、文章三者关系时,以"考核"自诩而视文章为"等而末者",贬抑了义理、文章,从而引起与姚鼐的冲突。

On Relation between Tongcheng School and "Han Studies" from the Perspective of Academic Evolution in Early Qing Dynasty——Notes of "Arguments between Tongcheng School and Han-Song Studies"

"Arguments between Han and Song studies" is one of the focuses in academic history in Qing dynasty.Yao Nai and Dai Zhen paved for his Confucian school of ideal philosophy.His neutralization has gone through a long-term exploration starting from model.It argues that argument between Han and Song emphasizes on the problems of quality and form of Confucianism.It results in the argument which begins from Dai Zhen's explanation of reason,demonstration and writing and their relationship,in which he boasted about his testimony while took writing as "minor technique",and thus leads to the dispute between Yao and Dai.