列宁论党的领导下报刊的基本功能及当代启示

创建党的报刊是建党的迫切需要,更是推进俄国工人阶级革命运动的迫切需要。对于党领导下的报刊,列宁非常重视发挥其宣传与批判功能。在革命战争时期,主要通过宣传科学社会主义向工人阶级灌输社会主义意识,以凝聚革命力量,强力推动革命运动;在建设时期,通过宣传劳动群众的生产实践教育人民具有共产主义劳动态度,通过宣扬科学唯物主义无神论思想揭露宗教的唯心主义实质,教育人民坚定马克思主义和社会主义信念。列宁认为,党领导下的报刊要敢于批判“左”倾和右倾错误思想,揭露西方“出版自由”的伪善行为以及批判一切唯心主义。列宁认为,在党的领导下,报刊应遵循党性原则,坚持人民性导向,联合一切可以联合的力量,一方面通过正面宣传革命和建设中的正确主张、成功经验和英雄事迹等,以统一思想、凝聚民心、推动事业发展;另一方面通过对各种错误思想的批判塑造主流价值观,以坚定人民群众的社会主义信念。列宁的这些思想,对我国报刊工作的发展具有重要指导作用。

On the Basic Functions of Newspapers and Periodicals Under the Leadership of Party and its Contemporary Enlightenment From the Viewpoints of Lenin

The establishment of the Party's newspapers and periodicals is an urgent need for building the Party and promoting the revolutionary movement of the Russian working class. Lenin attaches great importance to the publicity and critical functions of newspapers and periodicals under the leadership of the Party. During the revolutionary war, he instills socialist consciousness into the working class mainly by publicizing scientific socialism to unite revolutionary forces and vigorously promote the revolutionary movement. During the construction period, he educates people to hold a communist working attitude by publicizing the productive practice of the working people, and reveals the idealistic essence of religion by publicizing the atheism of scientific materialism to educate the people to strengthen their belief in Marxism and socialism. Lenin believes that newspapers and periodicals under the leadership of the Party should dare to condemn wrong ideas of the "left" and the "right", expose the hypocrisy of western "freedom of the press" and criticize all idealism. Lenin holds that newspapers and periodicals should follow the principle of Party spirit, adhere to the people's orientation, and unite all forces that can be united under the leadership of the Party. On the one hand, by actively publicizing the correct ideas, successful experiences and heroic deeds in the revolution and construction, we can unify thoughts, hold together people's hearts and promote career development;on the other hand, by criticizing various wrong ideas, we can shape mainstream values and strengthen people's socialist beliefs. Lenin's thoughts play a significant guiding role in the development of China's newspapers and periodicals.